Vocabulary Exercises With Answers Class 12 English UP Board

UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English Grammar Chapter 5 Vocabulary are part of UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English. Here we have given UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English Grammar Chapter 5 Vocabulary.

Board UP Board
Textbook NCERT
Class Class 12
Subject English Grammar
Chapter Name Vocabulary
Category UP Board Solutions

Excellent General English Grammar Book Class 12 Solutions Vocabulary Exercises

(1) SYNONYMS (पर्यायवाची)

Synonyms ऐसे शब्द होते हैं जो परस्पर लगभग समान अर्थ के हों। नीचे कुछ शब्द तथा उनके Synonyms दिये गये हैं :
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(2) ANTONYMS (विलोम)

Antonyms ऐसे शब्द होते हैं जिनका अर्थ परस्पर उल्टा होता है। नीचे कुछ मुख्य शब्द तथा उनके विलोम (Antonyms OT Opposites) दिये गये हैं :
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(3) HOMOPHONES (समध्वनिक शब्द)

Homophone तथा Homonym दो शब्द हैं। Homophones के अन्तर्गत वे शब्द आते हैं जिनके उच्चारण में ध्वनि समान हो, किन्तु Spelling तथा अर्थ में अन्तर हो; जैसे –
Peace = शान्ति,                                         Piece = टुकड़ा।
Homonyms वे शब्द हैं जिनकी Spelling तथा उच्चारण दोनों समान हों किन्तु अर्थ में अन्तर हो; जैसे –
bear = भालू,                                             bear = सहन करना।
Intermediate के पाठ्यक्रम में केवल Homophones हैं Homonyms नहीं, जिनमें से कुछ मुख्य निम्नलिखित हैं –
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(4) ONE WORD SUBSTITUTION
(शब्द समूह के लिए एक शब्द)

नीचे कुछ ऐसे शब्द दिये गये हैं जिनका प्रयोग शब्दों के समूह के लिए किया जाता है –
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(5) IDIOMS AND PHRASES (मुहावरे और वाक्यांश)
IDIOMATIC ADJECTIVE AND NOUN PHRASES

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Transformation of Sentences Exercises With Answers Class 12 English UP Board

UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English Grammar Chapter 3 Transformation of Sentences are part of UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English. Here we have given UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English Grammar Chapter 3 Transformation of Sentences.

Board UP Board
Textbook NCERT
Class Class 12
Subject English Grammar
Chapter Name Transformation of Sentences
Category UP Board Solutions

Excellent General English Grammar Book Class 12 Solutions Transformation of Sentences Exercises

Exercise 1

  1. Sarita is so gentle that she cannot harm you.
  2. He is so expert that he cannot be defeated in the race.
  3. The shoe is extremely big for my foot.
  4. These apples are so cheap that they cannot be good.
  5. They are so proud that they cannot attend your feast.
  6. The weather is so hot that none can go out.
  7. Gold is so costly that poor man cannot buy it.
  8. The problem of population is so serious that it cannot be overlooked.
  9. He was so frightened that he could not speak.
  10. The news is so good that it cannot be true.
  11. It is so cold that none can go out.
  12. He is eager beyond proper limit for praise.
  13. The knife is so blunt that it cannot sharpen the pencil.
  14. He is so ill that he cannot do anything.
  15. He is so kind hearted that he cannot be a successful administrator.

Exercise 2

  1. The news is too good to be true.
  2. We are too clever to guess your every plan.
  3. It is too dark for us to see anything.
  4. He is too honest to deceive his customers.
  5. I am too brave to face the enemy.
  6. He is too poor to give so heavy a bribe.
  7. Few leaders speak too fast to be understood.
  8. Gopal is too fat to sit.
  9. The book is so costly for me to buy.
  10. One is never too old to learn.
  11. The trees are too valuable to fell them unnecessarily.
  12. She was too shy to speak a word.
  13. The paper was too difficult for the student to solve it fully.
  14. This T.V. is too costly to buy it.
  15. You are too rich to buy any car.

Exercise 3

  1. My friend scored marks higher than any other one in the school. (Comparative Degree).
    No other one scored so high marks as my friend in the school. (Positive Degree)
  2. Learning Hindi is easier than learning English. (Comparative Degree)
  3. Few countries in the world are as popular as India. (Positive Degree)
    India is more popular than most other countries in the world. (Comparative Degree)
  4. No other animal is so gentle as cow. (Positive Degree)
    Cow is gentle than any other animal. (Comparative Degree)
  5. Invention of electric bulb was the most useful invention. (Superlative Degree)
    No other invention was so useful as the invention of electric bulb. (Positive Degree)
  6. The 4th day of our trip was more pleasant than any other day. (Comparative Degree)
    No other day of our trip was as pleasant as the 4th day. (Positive Degree)
  7. Sudhakar is the brightest boy in his school. (Superlative Degree)
    No other boy in his school is so bright as Sudhakar. (Positive Degree)
  8. Rose is the most beautiful flower. (Superlative Degree)
    Rose is more beautiful than any other flower. (Comparative Degree)
  9. No other diamond that I have ever seen is so big as this one. (Positive Degree)
    This diamond is bigger than any other diamond that I have ever seen. (Comparative Degree)
  10. I do not work so much as my father does. (Positive Degree)
  11. This meal is worse than any other meal that I have ever eaten. (Comparative Degree)
    No other meal that I have ever eaten is so bad as this one. (Positive Degree)
  12. Ramayana is more sacred than most other sacred books of Hindus. (Comparative Degree)
    Few sacred books of Hindus are so sacred as Ramayana. (Positive Degree)
  13. Chandni Chowk is busier market than most other markets. (Comparative Degree)
    Few markets are so busy as Chandni Chowk. (Positive Degree),
  14. Kirmani is more famous than most other wicket-keepers. (Comparative Degree)
    Kirmani is one of the most famous wicket keepers. (Superlative Degree)
  15. The eye sight of Sohan is weaker than that of this boy. (Comparative Degree)

Exercise 4

  1. The Tajmahal is grander than any other building of the world.
  2. No other metal is so valuable as gold.
  3. Iron is the most useful metal.
  4. The younger sister is cleverer than the elder one.
  5. Very few poets were as great as Tulsidas.
  6. Mahatma Gandhi was the greatest leader of the world.
  7. Cricket is one of the most popular games.
  8. Suresh is not as strong as Ganesh.
  9. India is larger than any other democracy in the world.
  10. Very few cities in India are as beautiful as Chandigarh.

Exercise 5

  1. Do you like to play any game?
  2. Who does not want to sleep in the night?
  3. Can they ever forget their enemy?
  4. Don’t you know the place of my birth?
  5. Who does not like the song which Lata sings?
  6. Who else could have expected so?
  7. Where is not a wise man honoured?
  8. Is drinking not bad for health?
  9. Who would like to be called a fool?
  10. Does money grow on tree?
  11. Can there be any success with out hard work?
  12. Do joys and sorrows not go together?
  13. Can even ants not teach us a lesson?
  14. Who will not grow. wise through experience?
  15. Whom does sweet music not please?

Exercise 6

  1. None wants to die.
  2. We shall never forget Mahatma Gandhi,
  3. Fighting is of no use now.
  4. Nothing is better than honesty.
  5. You are not ready to change your doctor.
  6. Every body has heard the name of Mahatma Gandhi.
  7. We should not lament any loss.
  8. The brave deserve honour.
  9. There can be no smoke without fire.
  10. Rustam was a great warrior.
  11. None has seen the wind.
  12. A wicked man can never prosper.
  13. The Earth moves round the Sun.
  14. Honesty is the best policy.
  15. Books are our best friends.

Exercise 7

  1. The man is a grand piece of work.
  2. I wish I had a beautiful wife.
  3. It is a very fine cloth.
  4. I wish I could see my mother once more.
  5. It is sorrowful that her child died soon.
  6. It is a very shameful behaviour.
  7. It is a very kind act of you.
  8. It is sorrowful (a matter of great sorrow) that he is utterly ruined.
  9. I wish that I had got success.
  10. It is a very sad news.
  11. I wish that I were a bird.
  12. It is a very good idea.
  13. It is very strange that he succeeded without working hard.
  14. None would like to be insulted.
  15. It is joyful that you have got a male child.

Exercise 8

  1. May he be the principal of our college!
  2. Alas! He has been murdered.
  3. How vast the Himalaya is!
  4. Hurrah! You have been selected in first attempt.
  5. May you be very rich!
  6. What a cold night it was!
  7. Alas! He failed.
  8. What a horrible scene!
  9. O for a glass of water!
  10. What a fine weather!
  11. How cruel his action is!
  12. Would that I had not left home!
  13. How strange he lives in Agra and has not seen the Taj!
  14. What an unkind remark!
  15. What a successful man he is!

Exercise 9

  1. No sooner did the birds see mę, they flew at once.
  2. They never weep but when they are in any trouble.
  3. None but an expert mechanic can repair this watch.
  4. Never fail to speak the truth.
  5. The teachers have not left any exercise book incorrect.
  6. You did not keep your promise.
  7. Your knife is not blunt.
  8. Great men never fail to make a sacrifice when necessary.
  9. Gopal is not the least careless about his studies.
  10. You cannot touch the sky.
  11. He did not fail to help me in my need.
  12. Fortune favours none but brave.
  13. False friends will not come to you but when you have money.
  14. He never fails to wear clean clothes.
  15. Silver is not so costly as gold.

Exercise 10

  1. Refrain from insulting the poor.
  2. Everybody accepts that he has copied.
  3. This question is difficult.
  4. Her sister is fortunate to win the cup.
  5. He failed to reach the meeting in time.
  6. As soon as the bird saw the hunter, it flew away.
  7. He is too miser to spend money even on himself.
  8. Avoid to shut any window of my room
  9. He always thanks me.
  10. He always speaks the truth.
  11. This house is good.
  12. The light is too dim for us to read.
  13. He completed his work in time.
  14. As soon as he saw me, he ran away.
  15. Sarla is more beautiful than Sita.

Exercise 11

  1. A noise was heard by the principal.
  2. The bell is being rung by the peon.
  3. A lion has been shot by him.
  4. All these books will have been read by me.
  5. I am not beaten by my mother.
  6. Toys of clay will be made by me.
  7. The letter had already been posted by him.
  8. The letter was not being dictated by the officer.
  9. His school fee has been paid by this student.
  10. My fan will have been repaired by the mechanic by this time.

Exercise 12

  1. Did you kill the bird ?
  2. The servant had lighted the lamp.
  3. These students did not see the Taj.
  4. The sailors will save this boy.
  5. Will the commission call your son for interview.
  6. Few students were reading a novel.
  7. My parents do not love me.
  8. Is the hunter firing a gun ?
  9. Will the gardener have watered the plants ?
  10. She has knitted a’sweater.

Exercise 13

  1. By whom have you been abused ?
  2. Why is noise being made by you?
  3. By whom was uranium discovered ?
  4. The wall can easily be jumped by him.
  5. Your duty should be done first by you.
  6. Your ailing mother must be attended by you daily.
  7. Where has your watch been kept by you ?
  8. Can the whole Ramayana be read by you in one day?
  9. Clean clothes should be worn by you.
  10. How could your house be managed by you ?

Exercise 14

  1. Where have you put my umbrella?
  2. Who teaches you daily?
  3. You must reply to this charge sheet in this week.
  4. Should I send a servant there?
  5. Will you post this letter tomorrow ?
  6. The doctor must save this child.
  7. May you smell this flower!
  8. How can I send him this message ?
  9. Who called you ?
  10. Should the teacher mark you absent.

Exercise 15

  1. You are requested to wait here for some time.
  2. You are asked to show me the place where the tailor was murdered.
  3. Let s new watch be purchased by them.
  4. You are ordered to call the servant before me.
  5. Let the water be drunk by the monkey.
  6. Patient should be given medicines.
  7. It is proposed to let the voters vote freely.
  8. It is suggested to let the baby sleep.
  9. You are advised not to tease the poor.
  10. You are forbidden to walk on the grass.
  11. You are commanded to march forward and face the enemy,
  12. You are ordered to do it at once.

Exercise 16

  1. Please bring me a cup of coffee.
  2. Get the papers signed.
  3. Get up at a.m. daily.
  4. It is time to close the shops.
  5. Let them play chess.
  6. Do not eat the sour mangoes.
  7. I have to help him.
  8. Do they say that he has gone to America ?
  9. The judge will announce the judgement tomorrow.
  10. Someone has destroyed the plants.

Exercise 17

  1. English can be read by her.
  2. An essay maybe written by you.
  3. Hindi can be spoken by us.
  4. His mother should be obeyed by him.
  5. Their food must be eaten by them.
  6. Cricket ought to be played by Ram.
  7. Blackboard must be looked at by us.
  8. it’s chair can be repaired by no boy.
  9. This letter will be written by you.
  10. English cannot be read by her.

Exercise 18

  1. Let your confirmation of my leave the given on phont.
  2. Let your work be done as quickly as possible.
  3. You are forbidden to play with fire in joke.
  4. This patient expect no recovery.
  5. His duties were performed by him in a decent manner.
  6. Set all the birds free.
  7. The students called off the strike after four days.
  8. All the questions can be solved by you in an easy manner.
  9. By whom will noble manners not be admitted?
  10. A student can paint a beautiful picture.
  11. Where has your luggage been put by you?
  12. Your friend is liked by nobody because he is clever.
  13. Young men prefer tight clothes these days.
  14. Why are your medicines not taken by you at right time?
  15. People will remember the sacrifice of Indian soldiers in all ages

Exercise 19
(From U.P. Board Examination Papers) (2011)

1. She is more intelligent than her brother.
(ii) It is not likely that Rakesh will help you.
Or
It is unlikely that Rakesh will not help you.

2.
(i) The air of lowlands is not so cool as that of hills.
(ii) I wish that the desert were my dwelling place.

3.
(i) He was drawing a map.
(ii) None would like to be a slave.

4.
(i) The national anthem was sung by the children.
(ii) No other Bengali poet is as great as Tagore.

5.
(i) Very few games are as popular as football.
(ii) You are ordered to shut the door.

6.
(i) No sooner did Ram see me than he called me.
(ii) How beautiful is the Taj mahal!

7.
(i) What a fine picture it is!
(ii) You are advised to take him home. (2012)

8.
(i) You are ordered to open all the doors and the windows.
(ii) The weather is very fine.

9.
(i) This shirt is too loose for me to wear.
(ii) Any other bowler in the team doesn’t bowl as fast as Zaheer Khan.

10.
(i) He is so miserly that he cannot spend any money.
(ii) His servant may be sent by him if he does not come.

11.
(1) What a fine picture it is !
(ii) No other policy is better than honesty.

12. May this book be seen by me!

13. Very few students of this school are as good as Hari. (2013)

14. He did not find him honest.

15.
(i) No other city in U.P. is as big as Kanpur.
(ii) My food has been had by me.

16.
(i) Most of the singers are not as good as Lata.
(ii) Great things are accomplished by great men.

17.
(i) Iron is the most useful metal.
(ii) Let all the windows by open.

18. Everybody will blame us. (2014)

19.
(i) He saw me.
(ii) A rupee was given to me by him.

20.
(i) Could anybody else have done it?
(ii) No other town is so clean as Bengaluru.

21.
(i) These trees have been cut down by the woodcutter.
(ii) Assam is not so hot as Bihar.

22.
(i) Can their glory never fade ?
(ii) Everybody knows M.K. Gandhi. (2015)

23.
(i) By whom are you taught English?
(ii) Shyam is not so intelligent as Ram.

24.
(i) I am not so great as he is.
(ii) Two thousand trees were planted by us in our college last year.

25. Only the brave deserves the fair.

26.
(i) Parker is the best pen.
(ii) I am taught by her.

27.
(i) Our elders ought to be shown respect.
(ii) Did I not give it to my neighbour?

28.
(i) No other king is so great as Ashoka in the history of India.
(ii) Winter is followed by Summer. (2016)

29.
(i) I have been greatly astonished at your behaviour.
(ii) Brutus did not love Caesar.

30.
(i) He should be subjected to a severe examination.
(ii) At the sun rise the fog disappeared.

31.
(i) She is the most intelligent girl in the class.
(ii) It is time to be looked into the matter.

32.
(i) He is so weak that he cannot lift this weight.
(ii) Our teachers are known to us.

33.
(1) By whom are you taught English?
(ii) No sooner did the teacher enter the class than the students stood up.

34.
(i) As soon as I entered the room, he started rebuking me.
(ii) His father was begged by him to forgive him. (2018)

35.
(i) My pocket has been picked.
(ii) Mumbai is richer than many cities.

36.
(i) Who can put up with such conduct?
(ii) Let he be told to leave the room at once.

Exercise 20

  1. I like all the fruits but I do not like banana.
  2. He is rich as well as very generous.
  3. He is poor yet he is generous.
  4. He was very hungry so he went to a hotel.
  5. You want to get good health so you must walk regularly.
  6. You may send cash or a draft.
  7. He took an aim and fired at the tiger.
  8. He was copying in the examination so the teacher punished him.
  9. He wants to catch the train so he must ran fast.
  10. He was not only a writer but also a good speaker.
  11. We saw the teacher coming so we stopped talking.
  12. You should not fail so you must work hard.

Exercise 21

  1. Hearing the footsteps of the gardener, the boys ran away.
  2. Finding himself in difficulty, he went to an astrologer.
  3. He being proud, I do not like him.
  4. Having finished his work, he went to sleep.
  5. We must eat to live.
  6. Finding a rupee he was delighted.
  7. He took no notice of my order to halt.
  8. Being good you will be happy.
  9. Due to having no money, I could not give the beggar anything.
  10. Inspite of searching the room, he could not find his watch.
  11. In case of you being late, another player will be selected.
  12. Without permission slip you will not be allowed to enter the examination hall.

Exercise 22

  1. I know that he is an intelligent boy.
  2. I cannot foretell when I shall depart.
  3. The captain hoped that he would win the match.
  4. Please tell me when you were born.
  5. I expect that I shall get money today.
  6. It is supposed that he is a millionaire.
  7. They had taken their meals before they went for walking.
  8. The question was so difficult that it could not be solved!
  9. The people who are hard working are always happy.
  10. A stone which rolls gathers no moss.
  11. I saw a snake which was wounded.
  12. He soon forgot the mercy which I showed.
  13. He is so honest that he cannot accept the bribe.
  14. I have built this house so that my children may live in it.
  15. When our Prime Minister visited the U.S.A., he got a warm welcome.

Exercise 23

  1. I cannot believe your statement.
  2. I do not know the reason of her weeping.
  3. The old beggar going on the road is blind.
  4. No one believes in his so much fame in India.
  5. The people pray for the rapid progress of India.
  6. Never keep the company of dishonest boys.
  7. I was not sure of his success.
  8. The sky being clear, we resumed our journey.
  9. The driver drove the bus fast to reach in time.
  10. Seeing policeman, he cried at once.
  11. In the absence of my help, you cannot win the election.
  12. He is to clever too be deceived.
  13. Our teacher reached the station after the departure of the train.
  14. He being rich, all respect him.
  15. I purchased a new book having very good essays.

Exercise 24

  1. He works hard yet he is poor.
  2. He was brave so he could face any danger.
  3. Be honest and you will be respected.
  4. He has been beaten so he is weeping.
  5. He stood first though he is weak.
  6. He is a rich man and all know it.
  7. The dogs barked and the thief ran away.
  8. The doctor has advised him so he takes light food.
  9. He raised the gun and shot the tiger at once.
  10. Search your pockets and you will find your watch.
  11. The earth is round and we can prove it also.
  12. A teacher was teaching in this period and he is the vice principal.
  13. If I get a proper invitation, then I shall attend your feast.
  14. You have done a blunder and I am certain of it.
  15. She had teased her brother so she was beaten.

Exercise 25

  1. He was punished because he was found telling a lie.
  2. He took rest because he was tired.
  3. If we do good to others, God will be pleased with us.
  4. If you spare the rod, you will spoil the child.
  5. If you are not sincere, you will lose your reputation.
  6. If you go for a walk daily, you will get a good health.
  7. If you touch the fire, it will burn your hand.
  8. As soon as the doctor reached, the patient died.
  9. Although he is not in good health yet he works day and night.
  10. All admit that he is a good leader.
  11. ‘ Our principal does not punish any boy because he is very kind.
  12. When the dinner was over, we went home.
  13. Although electricity is a good servant yet it is a bad master.
  14. You will never become skilful because you do not practice.
  15. As soon as he came out, he was caught at once.

Exercise 26

  1. He is prosperous because he works hard.
  2. The sun having risen, we went out.
  3. The noise was heard and every one came out.
  4. He is lazy so he can never succeed.
  5. He told me an interesting story.
  6. Although he is rich yet he is not happy.
  7. He has a simple nature so everyone loves him.
  8. Ramdin has a very large family so he is unhappy.
  9. He soon became poor because he lived an extravagant life.
  10. Having lost his toy the child began to cry.
  11. He is so tired that he cannot play.
  12. You must admit that you have committed a mistake.
  13. Don’t mend your ways and you will have to repent.
  14. He seems to be an intelligent man.
  15. He worked hard so he was very tired.
  16. I am certain that I shall give you satisfaction.
  17. Tell me what is your name.
  18. I have a ring which is made of gold.
  19. I asked him the reason of going there. (2012)
  20. It is certain that he will go to Delhi.
  21. In the final match of the Sirkar Tournament, an annual event, Dayanand College defeated Subhash College by two goals. (2013)
  22. His writing was so bad that one could not read it. (2014)
  23. It is never so late that it cannot be learnt.
  24. I am certain about his honesty. (2015)
  25. The king took shelter in the hut that belonged to hermit.
  26. All the villagers respected the poor.
  27. He was an honest poor man. (2017)

28.
(i) He was in bad health so he could not work.
(ii) A letter is written by Madan.

29.
(i) You are advised to walk to the left.
(ii) I wish that I were a child again.

30.
(i) Iron is heavier than any other metal.
(ii) Everybody is charmed by the music of Orpheus.

31.
(i) One’s duty must be done.
(ii) If we don’t maintain discipline, the teacher will punish us.

32.
(i) You cannot obey your teachers.
(ii) He decided that his house should be sold.

33.
(i) Everybody knows our Prime Minister.
(ii) It is time for our lessons to ‘ve learnt. (2018)

34.
(i) Although he has all riches, he is not contented.
(ii) Man is a grand piece of work.

We hope the UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English Grammar Chapter 3 Transformation of Sentences help you. If you have any query regarding UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English Grammar Chapter 3 Transformation of Sentences, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

An Astrologer’s Day Class 12 English Chapter 2 Question Answer UP Board Solutions

UP UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English Poetry Short Stories Chapter 2 An Astrologer’s Day are part of UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English. Here we have given UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English Poetry Short Stories Chapter 2 An Astrologer’s Day.

Board CBSE
Textbook NCERT
Class Class 12
Subject English Poetry Short Stories
Chapter Chapter 2
Chapter Name An Astrologer’s Day
Category UP Board Solutions

UP Board Class 12th English Short Stories Chapter 2 An Astrologer’s Day Questions and Answers

English Class 12 UP Board Chapter 2 Question Answer

कक्षा 12 अंग्रेजी पाठ 2 के प्रश्न उत्तर

STORY at a Glance

Once in a town on a busy crossing an astrologer used to sit under a tamarind tree from morning till evening. He was so dressed and with all his equipments spread before him that the people were attracted towards him in a large number. He also answered their questions in such a way that most of them were satisfied. One evening when the astrologer was ready to go home, a man came to him and pressured him to answer his questions. Under the pressure of his client he had to answer his questions. As soon as the man lit his cigar, the astrologer caught a glimpse of his face by the matchlight. The astrologer felt uncomfortable yet he gathered courage.

The man said, “Shall I succeed in my present search ?” The astrologer said, “You were left for dead. Am I right ?” “Ah, tell me more.” “A knife has passed through you.once ?” said the astrologer. “Good fellow !” He bared his chest to show the scar. “What else ?” “And then you were pushed into a well near by in the field. You were left for dead.” “I should have been dead if some passer-by had not chanced to peep into the well.” exclaimed the other overwhelmed by enthusiasm. “When shall I get at him ?” he asked, clenching his fist. “In the next world,” answered the astrologer. “He died four months ago irrä far off town. You will never see any more of him.” The other groaned on hearing it. The astrologer proceeded.” “Guru Nayak….”5.30g! WET “You know my name also ! the other said in a surprise.”

“I know everything, Guru Nayak. Listen to me carefully. Your village is two days journey in the north. Take the next train and go away. There is a danger to your life if you go away from home. Take this sacred ash and rub it on your forehead and go home. Never travel southward again.” The astrologer also told him that his enemy was crushed under a lorry and died. Hearing this the man was delighted. He gave the astrologer a handful of coins and went away. Now it was too late. The astrologer picked up his articles and reached home. His wife was waiting for him anxiously. After dinner he told her the whole story how he misguided his enemy and assured him that his enemy was not alive. So, he left his search. In this way from that day he was the most carefree man.

कहानी पर एक दृष्टि

एक बार एक नगर में एक ज्योतिषी इमली के पेड़ के नीचे एक व्यस्त चौराहे पर सवेरे से शाम तक बैठा करता था। वह ऐसे वस्त्र पहनता था और अपना सारा सामान अपने सामने इस प्रकार फैला लेता था कि बड़ी :संख्या में लोग उसकी ओर आकर्षित होते थे। वह उनके अधिकांश प्रश्नों के उत्तर भी इस प्रकार देता था कि उनमें से अधिकांश सन्तुष्ट हो जाते थे। एक दिन शाम को जब ज्योतिषी घर जाने को तैयार था, तब एक आदमी उसके पास आया और अपने प्रश्नों के उत्तर देने के लिए उस पर दबाव डाला। अपने ग्राहक के दबाव में उसके प्रश्नों के उत्तर उसे देने पड़े। ज्योंही उस व्यक्ति ने अपना सिगार जलाया, माचिस की रोशनी में ज्योतिषी ने उस व्यक्ति के चेहरे की झलक देखी। ज्योतिषी परेशान हो गया किन्तु उसने साहस बटोरी। उस व्यक्ति ने कहा, “क्या मैं अपनी वर्तमान तलाश में सफल होऊँगा या नहीं ?” ज्योतिषी ने कहा, “तुम मृतप्रायः छोड़ दिए गए थे। क्या मैं ठीक हूँ?.

अरे, मुझे कुछ और बताओ।” एक बार तुम्हारे ऊपर चाकू से वार हुआ।” ज्योतिषी ने कहा। अच्छे व्यक्ति,” उसने अपने घाव दिखाने के लिए छाती खोली। और भी कुछ ?” और फिर तुम्हें खेत में पास के कुएँ में धकेल दिया गया। तुम्हें मृतप्रायः छोड़ा गया।” यदि कुछ व्यक्ति जो उस रास्ते से जा रहे थे कुएँ में न झाँकते तो मैं मर गया होता।’ दूसरा व्यक्ति चिल्लाया। वह आदमी जोश में भर गया। अपनी मुट्ठी मारते हुए उसने पूछा, “मैं उसे कब पकड़ पाऊँगा ?”अगले संसार में,” ज्योतिषी ने उत्तर दिया, “वह चार महीने पूर्व एक दूर के नगर में मर गया। तुम उसे अब कभी नहीं देख पाओगे।’ यह सुनकर दूसरा व्यक्ति गुर्राया। ज्योतिषी ने आगे कहा— गुरु नायक !”

आप मेरा नाम भी जानते हो।’ दूसरे व्यक्ति ने आश्चर्य से कहा।। “ऐ गुरु नायक, मैं सभी कुछ जानता हूँ। मेरी बात ध्यान से सुनो। तुम्हारा गाँव उत्तर की ओर है। यात्रा में दो दिन लगते हैं। अगली गाड़ी पकड़ो और यहाँ से चले जाओ। यदि तुम घर से बाहर जाओगे तब तुम्हारे जीवन को खतरा है। यह पवित्र राख लो और इसे अपने माथे पर मलो और घर जाओ। दक्षिण की ओर पुनः यात्रा मत करना।” ज्योतिषी ने यह भी बताया कि उसका शत्रु एक लॉरी के नीचे कुचल गया और मर गया। यह सुनकर वह व्यक्ति बहुत प्रसन्न हुआ। उसने ज्योतिषी को एक मुट्ठी भर सिक्के दे दिए और चला गया। अब बहुत देर हो गई थी। ज्योतिषी ने अपना सामान उठाया और घर पहुँच गया। उसकी पत्नी उत्सुकता से उसकी प्रतीक्षा कर रही थी। रात्रि भोजन के बाद उसने उसे पूरी कहानी सुना दी कि किस प्रकार उसने अपने दुश्मन को बहकाया और उसे विश्वास दिला दिया कि उसका दुश्मन जीवित नहीं है। इसलिए उसने अपनी तलाश छोड़ दी। इस प्रकार उस दिन से वह अत्यन्त निश्चिन्त व्यक्ति था।

Understanding the Text

Short Answer Type Questions

Answer two of the following questions in not more than 30 words each:
Question 1.
Who was this astrologer ? Why did he leave his house ? . [2013, 15, 18]
(ज्योतिषी कौन था ? उसने अपना घर क्यों छोड़ा ?)
Answer.
This astrologer was the son of a farmer. He had murdered a man. He was a convict. So he left his home without telling anybody.
(यह ज्योतिषी एक किसान का बेटा था। उसने एक व्यक्ति की हत्या कर दी थी। अतः वह एक अपराधी था। इसलिए उसने बिना किसी को बताए हुए अपना घर छोड़ दिया।)

Question 2.
Why did he choose this profession ?
(उसने यह व्यवसाय क्यों चुना ?)
Answer.
He chose this profession so that he might not be traced out by his enemy.
(उसने यह व्यवसाय इसलिए चुना ताकि उसका दुश्मन उसका पता न लगा सके।)

Question 3.
What place did he choose for it ? How was it a suitable place ?
(उसने इसके लिए कौन-सा स्थान चुना ? क्या यह एक उपयुक्त स्थान था ?)
Answer.
He chose a place near a busy crossing under a tamarind tree. It was a suitable place because the people of all trades passed by that way.
(उसने एक व्यस्त चौराहे के पास इमली के पेड़ के नीचे एक स्थान चुना। यह उपयुक्त स्थान था क्योंकि सभी व्यवसायों के व्यक्ति उस रास्ते से गुजरते थे।)

Question 4.
What are the equipments of an astrologer which he took with him ?
(ज्योतिषी का क्या सामान था जिसे उसने अपने साथ रखा ?)
Answer.
He took with him a dozen cowrie shells, a square of cloth with obscure mystic charts on it, a note book and a bundle of palmyra writings.
(उसने अपने पास एक दर्जन कौड़ी, एक चौकोर कपड़े का टुकड़ा जिस पर अस्पष्ट गहन चार्ट बने हुए थे, एक नोट बुक तथा खजूर की पत्तियों पर लिखे हुए कुछ लेख रखे।)

Question 5.
How did he look like an astrologer ?
(वह एक ज्योतिषी की भाँति कैसे दिखाई पड़ता था?)
Answer.
He looked like an astrologer because he had rubbed pious dust and vermilion on his forehead, a saffron coloured turban on his head, dark and long whiskers with all the equipments of an astrologer spread before him.
(वह एक ज्योतिषी की भाँति मालूम पड़ता था क्योंकि उसने अपने माथे पर पवित्र राख और सिन्दूर लगा रखा था, एक गेरुआ रंग का साफा सिर पर बाँध लिया था, काली और लम्बी मूंछे थीं तथा एक ज्योतिषी का सारा सामान अपने सामने फैला रखा था।)

Question 6.
What did his clients find in his eyes ? How did they feel ?
(उसके ग्राहक उसकी आँखों में क्या पाते थे ? वे कैसा अनुभव करते थे ?)
Answer.
His clients found a prophetic light in his eyes. They felt comforted.
(उसके ग्राहक उसकी आँखों में एक भविष्यवक्ता का प्रकाश पाते थे। उन्हें आराम मिलता था।)

Question 7.
Could he satisfy his customers ? How ?
(क्या वह अपने ग्राहकों को सन्तुष्ट कर देता था ? कैसे ?)
Answer.
He satisfied his customers because he had studied about the general problems of the people. He had much experience. He had a good common sense. He gave such answers as satisfied all.
(वह अपने ग्राहकों को सन्तुष्ट कर देता था क्योंकि उसने लोगों की सामान्य समस्याओं का अध्ययन किया था। उसे काफी अनुभव था। उसे सामान्य ज्ञान भी था। वह ऐसे उत्तर देता था जो सभी को सन्तुष्ट कर देते थे।),

Question 8.
What trick did he use in making a guess of the problems of his client ?
(अपने ग्राहकों की समस्याओं का अनुमान लगाने में वह किस युक्ति का प्रयोग करता था?)
Answer.
In making a guess of the problems of his clients, he let them speak first as much as they could. He listened to them patiently and guessed about their problems.
(अपने ग्राहकों की समस्याओं का अनुमान लगाने में वह पहले उन्हीं को बोलने देता था जितनां वे ब्रोल सकें। वह उन्हें ध्यान से सुनता था और उनकी समस्याओं का अनुमान लगाता था।)

Question 9.
What fee did he charge from his clients ?
(अपने ग्राहकों से वह कितनी फीस लेता था ?)
Answer.
He charged three pies per question from his clients.
(अपने ग्राहकों से वह तीन पैसे प्रति प्रश्न लेता था।)

Question 10.
What was the usual time which he devoted to his profession?
(वह अपने व्यवसाय में साधारणतः कितना समय लगाता था ?)
Answer.
Usually he started his profession at mid-day and continued till late in the evening
(साधारणतः वह अपना व्यवसाय दोपहर के समय आरम्भ करता था और देर शाम तक जारी रखता था।

Question 11.
Who happened to come to him one day when he was ready to go home ?
(जब एक दिन वह घर जाने के लिए तैयार था तब कौन आया ?)

Or

What happened one evening when the astrologer was preparing to go home? [2013]
(एक दिन शाम को जब ज्योतिषी घर जाने की तैयारी कर रहा था तब क्या हुआ ?)

Or

Why did the astrologer feel very uncomfortable in the presence of the stranger ? [2011]
(आगन्तुक की उपस्थिति में ज्योतिषी ने बेचैनी का अनुभव क्यों किया ?)

Or

What made the astrologer feel uncomfortable? [2017]
(किस बात ने ज्योतिषी को बेचैन कर दिया?)
Answer.
One day when he was ready to go home, a man named Guru Nayak came to him in the dark. He was the astrologer’s enemy and he was in search of him. So he felt very uncomfortable in his presence.
(एक दिन जब वह घर जाने को तैयार था तब अँधेरे में उसके पास एक गुरु नायक नामक व्यक्ति आया। वह ज्योतिषी का दुश्मन था और वह उसकी तलाश में था। अतः वह उसकी उपस्थिति में बड़ा बेचैन रहा।)

Question 12.
Who recognised whom and who did not recognise ?
(किसने किसको पहचाना और किसने नहीं पहचाना ?) ।
Answer.
The astrologer recognised the man but the man did not recognise the astrologer.
(ज्योतिषी ने उस व्यक्ति को पहचान लिया किन्तु वह व्यक्ति ज्योतिषी को नहीं पहचान पाया।)

Question 13.
How did the astrologer behave with him ?
(ज्योतिषी ने उसके साथ कैसा व्यवहार किया ?)
Answer.
The astrologer behaved with him like a client. He did not let him know about himself.
(ज्योतिषी ने उसके साथ एक ग्राहक जैसा व्यवहार किया। उसे अपने विषय में कुछ नहीं जानने दिया।)

Question 14.
Did the astrologer answer his questions willingly? How?
(क्या ज्योतिषी ने उसके प्रश्नों के उत्तर राजी से दिए ? कैसे ?)
Answer.
The astrologer did not answer his questions willingly. First of all, he refused him. At this the man held his wrist and threatened him that he would not let him go home until he answered his questions. Then, the astrologer agreed to answer his questions..

(ज्योतिषी ने उसके प्रश्नों के उत्तर राजी से नहीं दिए। पहले उसने उसे मना कर दिया। इस पर उस व्यक्ति ने उसकी कलाई पकड़ ली और उसे धमकाया कि जब तक वह उसके प्रश्नों के उत्तर नहीं दे देता वह उसे घर नहीं जाने देगा। तब ज्योतिषी उत्तर देने को राजी हुआ।) ।

Question 15.
What was the load that the astrologer had been keeping in his mind and , how did he get rid of it?
(वह कौन-सा बोझ था जो ज्योतिषी अपने मस्तिष्क में रखे हुए था और उसने इससे कैसे छुटकारा पाया ?)

Or

How did the astrologer in the story ‘An Astrologer’s Day. get freedom from fear of revenge and punishment ? [2010, 12]
(ज्योतिषी ने AnAstrologer’s Day’ कहानी में बदले के भय और दण्ड से कैसे मुक्ति पाई ?)


Or

What was the advice astrologer gave the stranger ? [2014]
(ज्योतिषी ने उस आगन्तुक को क्या नसीहत दी ?)

Or

How could the astrologer get rid of the stranger ? . [2015, 18]
(ज्योतिषी, आगन्तुक से कैसे छुटकारा पा सका ?)
Answer.
The astrologer had murdered a man. So, he was always in fear of being caught. One day his enemy came before him in the dark of evening as his customer. The astrologer recognised him. So by his clever trick he made him assure that his enemy had died long before. So, he should leave his search and return home. Thus, he got rid of the load which he had been keeping in his mind.

(ज्योतिषी ने एक व्यक्ति की हत्या कर दी थी। इसलिए वह सदा पकड़े जाने के भय में रहता था। एक दिन शाम के अँधेरे में उसका दुश्मन उसके सामने ग्राहक के रूप में आ गया। ज्योतिषी उसे पहचान गया। अतः उसने चालाकी से उसे यह यकीन दिला दिया कि उसका दुश्मन काफी पहले मर गया है। अतः उसे उसकी खोज छोड़ देनी चाहिए और घर लौट जाना चाहिए। इस प्रकार उसने उस बोझ से छुटकारा पा लिया जिसे वह अपने मस्तिष्क में रखे हुआ था।)

Question 16.
How much amount did the man give to the astrologer ? :
(उस व्यक्ति ने ज्योतिषी को कितना धन दिया ?)
Answer.
The man gave the astrologer all the money that he had.
(उस व्यक्ति ने ज्योतिषी को वह सारा धन दे दिया जो उसके पास था।)।

Question 17.
When did the astrologer reach home? Whom did he see at the door ?
(ज्योतिषी घर कब पहुँचा? उसने दरवाजे पर किसको देखा ?)
Answer.
The astrologer reached home at mid-night. He saw his wife at the door waiting for him anxiously
(ज्योतिषी घर अर्द्धरात्रि के समय पहुँचा। उसने दरवाजे पर अपनी स्त्री को व्याकुलता से उसकी प्रतीक्षा करते हुए देखा।)

Question 18.
What did the astrologer do when his wife asked him the explanation of being late ?
(ज्योतिषी ने उस समय क्या किया जब उसकी पत्नी ने उससे देर होने का कारण पूछा ?)
Answer.
When his wife asked him the explanation of being late, he piled a lot of money before her.
(जब उसकी पत्नी ने उससे देर होने का कारण पूछा तब उसने उसके सामने ढेर सारे धन का ढेर लगा दिया।)

Question 19.
What was its reaction on his wife ?
(उसकी पत्नी पर इसकी क्या प्रतिक्रिया हुई ?) ।
Answer.
Seeing so much money his wife was overjoyed.
(इतना सारा धन देखकर उसकी पत्नी अत्यन्त प्रसन्न हो गई।)।

Question 20.
What plan did his wife make to spend the money ?
(धन को खर्च करने के विषय में उसकी पत्नी ने क्या योजना बनाई ?)
Answer.
His wife decided to buy some jaggery and coconut to prepare some sweets for her child.
(उसकी पत्नी ने एक प्रकार की चीनी और नारियल खरीदने का निश्चय किया कि वह अपने बच्चे के लिए कुछ मिठाई बना सके।)

Question 21.
When did the astrologer tell his wife the reason of his being late ?
(ज्योतिषी ने अपनी पत्नी को देरी होने का कारण कब बताया ?)

Or

What did the astrologer tell her wife after dinner ? [2017, 18]
(रात्रि के भोजन के बाद ज्योतिषी ने अपनी पत्नी से क्या कहा ?)
Answer.
After taking dinner, the astrologer told his wife the reason of his being late.
(रात्रि का भोजन करने के बाद ज्योतिषी ने अपनी पत्नी को देरी होने का कारण बताया।)

Question 22.
What reason did he tell her ?
(उसने उसे क्या कारण बताया ?)
Answer.
He told her that a client came to him when he was ready to come home.
(उसने उसे बताया कि जब वह घर आने को तैयार थी तभी एक ग्राहक आ गया।)

Question 23.
Where is the climax of the story ? How does the story end ?
(कहानी की चरम सीमा कहाँ है ? कहानी का अन्त कैसे होता है ?)
Answer.
The climax of the story is when the client returns fully satisfied. The story ends in a happy mood.
(कहानी की चरम सीमा वहीं पर होती है जहाँ ग्राहक पूर्ण सन्तुष्ट होकर लौट जाता है। कहानी का आनन्द के वातावरण में अन्त होता है।)

Question 24.
What did the astrologer tell Guru Nayak about his enemy’s death ?
(ज्योतिषी ने गुरु नायक को उसके दुश्मन की मृत्यु के विषय में क्या बताया ?)

Or

What advice did the astrologer give the stranger ? [2012, 17, 18]
(ज्योतिषी ने उस अनजान व्यक्ति को क्या शिक्षा दी ?)
Answer.
The astrologer told Guru Nayak that his enemy had died long before. So he should leave his search and return home.
(ज्योतिषी ने गुरु नायक को बताया कि उसका शत्रु काफी समय पहले मर गया है। अत: उसे तलाश छोड़ देनी चाहिए और घर लौट जाना चाहिए।)।

Question 25.
How did the astrologer earn his living ? Why was he forced to hide his identity? [2009, 18]
(ज्योतिषी अपनी जीविका कैसे कमाता था ? वह अपनी पहचान क्यों छिपाता था ?)
Answer. .
The astrologer had a saffron turban on his head. He applied sandal paste on his forehead. Thus he hide his identity and began to sit under a tamarind tree. He answered the questions satisfactorily of the customers and charged three pies as fees from them. He earned a lot of money daily.

(ज्योतिषी ने अपने सिर पर नारंगी रंग की पगड़ी बाँधी और मस्तिष्क पर चन्दन का लेप लगाया। इस प्रकार उसने अपनी पहचान को छिपाया और एक इमली के पेड़ के नीचे बैठने लगा। वह अपने ग्राहकों के प्रश्नों के उत्तर सन्तोषजनक रूप से देता था और उनसे अपनी फीस के रूप में तीन पैसे वसूलता था। वह रोजाना बहुत धन कमाता था।)

Question 26.
Why did the astrologer advise the stranger never to travel southward ? [2009,12]
(ज्योतिषी ने अजनबी को दक्षिण दिशा में यात्रा न करने की क्यों सलाह दी ?)
Answer.
The astrologer advised stranger never to travel southward because he lived in this direction himself. And he was his enemy.
(ज्योतिष में अजनी को दक्षिण दिशं की यात्रा न करने की सलाह दी क्योंकि वह स्वयं उस दिशा में रहता था और क्ह उसका शत्रु था।

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Character of a Happy Life Class 12 English Chapter 1 Question Answer UP Board Solutions

UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English Poetry Short Poems Chapter 1 Character of a Happy Life are part of UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English. Here we have given UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English Poetry Short Poems Chapter 1 Character of a Happy Life.

Board UP Board
Textbook NCERT
Class Class 12
Subject English Poetry Short Poems
Chapter Chapter 1
Chapter Name Character of a Happy Life
Category UP Board Solutions

UP Board Class 12th English Short Poems Chapter 1 Character of a Happy Life Questions and Answers

English Class 12 UP Board Chapter 1 Question Answer

कक्षा 12 अंग्रेजी पाठ 1 के प्रश्न उत्तर

About the Poet : Sir Henry Wotton was born in 1568. He was educated at Winchester, Oxford, Middle Temple, etc. He became agent and secretary to the Earl of Essex. He was the ambassador at the court of Venice. He served various other diplomatic missions.

About the Poem : In this poem the poet describes the qualities necessary for a truly happy man, e.g. independence, honesty, truthfulness, straight forwardness, clear heartedness, etc. He should also pray to God daily.

Central Ideas                                                                                                                [2012, 13, 15, 17, 18]
In this didactic poem Sir Henry Wotton describes the character of a happy man. He should be independent, honest and truthful. He should be free from jealousy, ill will and worldly anxieties. He should be very careful of flatterers and rumours. He should pray to God daily for Godly merits. He should not be overjoyed in his achievements and disconsolate in failures. He should be master of himself. Contentment and self-respect are the greatest qualities of a happy man.

(इस शिक्षाप्रद कविता में सर हेनरी वाटन एक प्रसन्न व्यक्ति के लक्षणों का वर्णन करता है। उसे स्वतन्त्र, ईमानदार और सत्यवादी होना चाहिए। उसे ईर्ष्या, दुर्भावना तथा सांसारिक चिन्ताओं से मुक्त होना चाहिए। उसे चापलूसों तथा अफवाहों से बहुत सावधान रहना चाहिए। दैवी गुणों के लिए उसे प्रतिदिन ईश्वर की प्रार्थना करनी चाहिए। उसे उपलब्धियों में अत्यधिक प्रसन्न और असफलताओं में निराश या दु:खी नहीं होना चाहिए। उसे स्वयं का स्वामी होना चाहिए। आत्म-सन्तुष्टि एवं आत्म-सम्मान एक प्रसन्न व्यक्ति के सबसे बड़े गुण हैं।)

EXPLANATIONS (With Meanings & Hindi Translation)
(1)
How happy is he born or taught,
That serveth not another’s will;
Whose armour is his honest thought,
And simple truth his utmost skill ! [2009, 11, 12, 17, 18]

[Word-meanings : taught = सिखाया advised; serveth (serves) = कार्य करना act; will = इच्छा wish; armour = कवच weapon for protection; honest thought = शुद्ध विचार noble ideas या honesty; utmost = सबसे बड़ी greatest; skill = गुण quality.]

(वह मनुष्य कितना प्रसन्न होगा जो दूसरे व्यक्ति के अधीन नहीं है अर्थात् आत्म-निर्भर व्यक्ति बहुत प्रसन्न होता है। यह गुण उसमें जन्मजात भी हो सकता है और सिखाया भी जा सकता है। उस व्यक्ति की सुरक्षा का हथियार उसके शुद्ध विचार तथा ईमानदारी है और केवल सत्य ही उसका सबसे बड़ा गुण होता है।)

Reference : This stanza refers to the famous poem ‘Character of a Happy Life’ composed by Sir Henry Wotton.

[ N.B. : The above reference will be used for all the explanations of this poem.]

Context : In these lines the poet describes the character of a happy man. He points out some of the essential qualities for a happy life. He advises us to be independent and true if we want to be happy..

Explanation : In this stanza the poet points out the qualities of a happy man. He says that happy man is independent in his thinking and action. He is self-dependent. Either he has this quality by birth or he has been taught to have it. He is always honest and has no ill will for anybody. So he does not need any other weapon for his protection. The greatest quality of his character is only truth. For this quality he is honoured. Thus the man who has these quaļities will be happy beyond expectation.

(इस पद्यांश में कवि एक प्रसन्न व्यक्ति के लक्षण बताता है। वह बताता है कि एक प्रसन्न व्यक्ति अपने विचारों तथा कार्यों में स्वतन्त्र होता है। वह आत्म-निर्भर होता है। या तो उसमें यह गुण जन्मजात होता है या इसे प्राप्त करने के लिए उसे सिखाया जाता है। वह सदा ईमानदार होता है और किसी के प्रति दुर्भावना नहीं रखता। इसलिए उसे अपनी सुरक्षा के लिए किसी अन्य हथियार की आवश्यकता नहीं होती। उसके चरित्र का सबसे महान् लक्षण केवल सत्य होता है। इसी गुण के कारण उसका सम्मान किया जाता है। इस प्रकार वह मनुष्य जिसमें यह सभी गुण होंगे वह आशा से अधिक प्रसन्न होगा।)

comments : The poet has personified thought’ and truth’ which are abstract notions (अदृश्य विचार).

(2)
Whose passions not his masters are,
Whose soul is still prepared for death;
Untied unto the world with care,
Of princely love or vulgar breath. [2017]

[ Word-meanings : passions = मन की प्रबल भावनाएँ, क्रोध, घृणा, प्रेम आदि strong feelings of love, anger, hate, etc.; masters = पथ-प्रदर्शक, स्वामी guide; still = सदा always; untied = स्वतन्त्र free from; princely love = राजकुमारों का प्यार love of a prince; vulgar breath = सामान्य लोगों का मत या आलोचना opinion या criticism of the common people.]

(वह व्यक्ति कितना प्रसन्न होगा जो अपनी तीव्र मानसिक भावनाओं (क्रोध, घृणा, प्रेम) से विचलित न हो अर्थात् जो अपनी तीव्र भावनाओं के वशीभूत न हो। जो मनुष्य सदा मृत्यु के लिए भी तैयार रहता है अर्थात् जिसे मृत्यु का भय नहीं है, जो इस संसार में सभी प्रकार की चिन्ताओं से मुक्त होकर जीवन व्यतीत करता है। और जिसे राजकुमारों का प्यार अथवा जनता की आलोचना भी विचलित नहीं कर पाती हो वह व्यक्ति अत्यन्त प्रसन्न होगा।)

Context : In these lines the poet describes the character of a happy man. He is free and self-dependent. He is honest and truthful. He has no ill will for anybody.

Explanation : In this stanza the poet says that a man who is calm and balanced is always happy. He is not guided or controlled by the strong feelings of heart, e.g. anger, hate, love, etc. He leads a simple and honest life. He is always free from worldly anxieties and worries. So he is never afraid even of death. He neither likes flattery nor does he mind the public criticism. So he is always happy.

(इस पद्यांश में कवि कहता है कि वह मनुष्य जो शान्त और सन्तुलित होता है, सदा प्रसन्न होता है। वह हृदय की तीव्र भावनाओं, जैसे-क्रोध, घृणा, प्रेम आदि से नियन्त्रित नहीं होता। वह सादा और ईमानदारी का जीवन व्यतीत करता है। वह सांसारिक चिन्ताओं तथा परेशानियों से मुक्त होता है। इसलिए वह कभी मृत्यु से भी भयभीत नहीं होता। वह न तो चापलूसी को पसन्द करता है और न सार्वजनिक आलोचना की ओर ध्यान देता है। इसलिए वह सदा प्रसन्न होता है।)

Comments : In the last line ‘of princely love….’ the poet describes the political condition of England.

(3)
Who hath his life from rumours freed,
Whose conscience is his strong retreat;
Whose state can neither flatterers feed.
Nor ruin make oppressors great; [2010, 15]

[Word-meanings : hath = रखना has; rumours = अफवाहें false news; conscience = अन्तःकरण innerself; retreat = शरण देने का स्थान place of shelter; state = स्थिति position, status; flatterers = चापलूस व्यक्ति one who praises too much; ruin = नष्ट करना destroy; feed = सन्तुष्ट करना satisfy; oppressors = दमनकर्ता those who treat others cruelly.]

(वह मनुष्य प्रसन्न होता है जो अफवाहों से प्रभावित न हो, जिसकी अन्तरात्मा ही सबसे शक्तिशाली शरणस्थल हो अर्थात् जो अपनी अन्तरात्मा की आवाज का दृढ़ता से पालन करता हो, जो चापलूस व्यक्तियों की झूठी प्रशंसा से सन्तुष्ट न हो, बड़े-बड़े दमनकर्ता भी ऐसे व्यक्ति को कोई हानि नहीं पहुँचा सकते। ऐसा व्यक्ति सदा प्रसन्न रहता है।)

Context : The poet says that a calm and balanced man is always happy. He is free from worldly anxieties and worries. He does not fear from death and is very careful of flatterers.

Explanation : In this stanza the poet says that a happy man does not believe in rumours. He is always guided by his conscience and follows its voice strictly. He does not like to keep company with flatterers. He is not influenced by his false praise. So he is never proud of himself. Even a cruel and unjust man cannot give him any harm., Such a man leads a happy and ideal life.

(इस पद्यांश में कवि कहता है कि एक प्रसन्न व्यक्ति अफवाहों में विश्वास नहीं करता। वह सदा अपनी अन्तरात्मा से ही निर्देशित होता है और उसकी आवाज का पूर्ण रूप से अनुसरण करता है। वह चापलूस व्यक्तियों की संगति में रहना पसन्द नहीं करता। वह अपनी झूठी प्रशंसा से भी प्रभावित नहीं होता। इसलिए वह कभी भी अपने ऊपर गर्व नहीं करता। एक अत्याचारी तथा अन्यायी व्यक्ति भी उसे हानि नहीं पहुँचा । सकता। ऐसा व्यक्ति एक आदर्श और प्रसन्न जीवन व्यतीत करता है।)

(4)
Who envies none whom chance doth raise
Nor vice; who never understood
How deepest wounds are given with praise;
Nor rules of state, but rules of good;

[ Word-meanings : envies = ईर्ष्या करना to haveill will against anybody; chance = अवसर, भाग्य luck; raise = उन्नति करना, ऊपर उठाना lift up; vice = बुराई evil; deepest = अत्यधिक very much; wounds = कष्ट pains; state = राज्य, सरकार government; good=सदाचार good conduct.]

(वह व्यक्ति कितना प्रसन्न होगा जो किसी ऐसे व्यक्ति से ईष्र्या नहीं करता जिसकी संयोग से या सौभाग्य से उन्नति हुई हो और जो किसी के विरुद्ध कोई बुरी भावना न रखता हो। इस व्यक्ति को यह समझ लेना चाहिए। कि झूठी प्रशंसा के घाव बहुत गहरे होते हैं अर्थात् झूठी प्रशंसा से ऐसा कष्ट होता है जो काफी समय तक भी दूर नहीं होता। एक प्रसन्न व्यक्ति सरकार के नियमों के प्रति इतना वफादार नहीं होता जितना सदाचार के नियमों के प्रति।)

Context : The poet describes the character of a happy man. A happy man is always free, honest and truthful. He is careful of flatterers. He is never proud of himself.

Explanation : In this stanza the poet says that some people may progress in their life by chance or by luck. But a good man is never envious of them. So he is a happy man. He understands that false praise causes deep wounds which cannot be healed up. So a man who is careful of his praise is always happy. Everybody obeys the rules of government by force. But a good man follows the rules of good conduct also. He gives more importance to the rules of good conduct and has no fear of any legal action to be taken against him. He knows well that good conduct is above all things.

(इस पद्यांश में कवि कहता है कि कुछ व्यक्ति अपने जीवन में अवसर का लाभ उठाकर या भाग्य के कारण उन्नति कर सकते हैं। किन्तु एक भला मनुष्य ऐसे व्यक्तियों से कभी ईर्ष्या नहीं करता। इसलिए वह एक प्रसन्न व्यक्ति होता है। वह समझता है कि झूठी प्रशंसा से जख्म गहरे हो जाते हैं जिन्हें भरा नहीं जा सकता। इसलिए ऐसा व्यक्ति जो अपनी प्रशंसा के प्रति सावधान है, सदा प्रसन्न होता है। प्रत्येक व्यक्ति विवशता से सरकार के नियमों का पालन करता है, किन्तु एक भला व्यक्ति अच्छे आचरण के नियमों का भी पालन करता है। वह सदाचार के नियमों को अधिक महत्त्व देता है और उसे अपने विरुद्ध किसी कानूनी कार्यवाही का भय नहीं होता। वह भली प्रकार जानता है कि सदाचार सभी वस्तुओं से ऊपर होता है।)

(5)
Who God doth late and early pray
More of His grace than gifts to lend;
Who entertains the harmless day
With a well-chosen book or friend; [2010]

[ Word-meanings : doth = करता है does; late and early = देर-सवेर, कभी भी whenever one gets time; grace = ईश्वरीय गुण godly goodness; gifts = भगवान् के दिए हुए सुख एवं
आनन्द blessings and happiness given by God; entertains = आनन्द लेता है enjoys; harmless day= पूरे दिन बिना किसी को हानि पहुँचाए without giving any harm to anybody.]

(वह व्यक्ति कितना प्रसन्न होगा जो शाम-सवेरे कभी भी भगवान् की प्रार्थना करता है। ऐसे व्यक्ति को भगवान् की प्रार्थना ईश्वरीय गुण प्राप्त करने के लिए करनी चाहिए, न कि जीवन के आनन्द या अन्य के लिए। ऐसे व्यक्ति को पूरे दिन अर्थात् किसी भी समय किसी भी व्यक्ति को कष्ट नहीं पहुँचाना चाहिए, बल्कि उसे अपना समय अच्छी पुस्तक पढ़ने में या अच्छे मित्र की संगति में व्यतीत करना चाहिए।)

Context : The poet says that a happy man is never envious of the progress of others. He always follows the rules of good conduct without any fear of any action by the government. Explanation : In this stanza the poet advises to pray to God daily whenever we get time. It is very necessary to lead a happy life. We should not pray to God for worldly gains but for his blessings and mercy. A man should not give harm of any kind to anybody at any time in the whole day. But he should pass his time either in reading good books or in the company of religious and pious people. Such a man will lead a very happy life.

(इस पद्यांश में कवि हमें शिक्षा देता है कि जब भी समय मिले, हमें भगवान् की प्रार्थना करनी चाहिए। एक प्रसन्न जीवन बिताने के लिए यह अत्यन्त आवश्यक है। हमें भगवान् से सांसारिक लाभ के लिए प्रार्थना नहीं करनी चाहिए, बल्कि उसके आशीर्वाद तथा दया के लिए प्रार्थना करनी चाहिए। किसी भी व्यक्ति को पूरे दिन में किसी भी समय किसी अन्य व्यक्ति को किसी भी प्रकार की हानि नहीं पहुँचानी चाहिए। बल्कि उसे अपना समय या तो अच्छी पुस्तकों को पढ़ने में बिताना चाहिए या धार्मिक तथा पवित्र व्यक्तियों की संगति में। ऐसा व्यक्ति आनन्दमय जीवन व्यतीत करेगा।)

Comments : A happy man is the devotee of God.

(6)
This man is free from servile bands
Of hope to rise, or fear to fail;
Lord of himself, though not of lands;
And having nothing, he hath all. [2011, 13, 16, 17, 18]

[Word-meanings : servile = दासतापूर्ण like slaves; bands = बन्धन; rise = उन्नति progress; fall = अवनति या असफलता failure.]

(एक सुखी मनुष्य सभी प्रकार के विचारों एवं भावनाओं से स्वतन्त्र होता है। वह उनका दास नहीं होता अर्थात् उसे न तो उन्नति या सफलता की इच्छा होती है और न अवनति या असफलता का भय। वह भले ही धन या धरती का स्वामी न हो फिर भी वह अपना स्वामी स्वयं होता है। उसके पास कुछ भी न होते हुए सब कुछ होता है अर्थात् स्वतन्त्र विचार, आत्म-सम्मान एवं आत्म-सन्तोष ऐसे गुण हैं जो उसके जीवन को पूर्ण सुखी बनाते हैं।)

Context : In these lines the poet describes the character of a happy life. He says that honesty, truthfulness, and sincerity are the main qualities of a happy man. The man who passes his time in reading good books or in the company of good people is always happy.

Explanation : In this concluding stanza the poet advises us to lead an independent life. A man should not depend upon others. He should be free from all hopes and fears. He should not be overjoyed in his achievements and should not be disconsolate in failures. Although he may not have worldly riches yet he is the master of himself. Thus independence, self-respect and contentment are the merits that make a man happy.

(इस अन्तिम पद्यांश में कवि हमें स्वतन्त्र जीवन व्यतीत करने की शिक्षा देता है। किसी भी व्यक्ति को दूसरों पर निर्भर नहीं रहना चाहिए। उसे सभी प्रकार की आशाओं तथा भय से मुक्त होना चाहिए। उसे अपनी उपलब्धियों पर आवश्यकता से अधिक प्रसन्न नहीं होना चाहिए और असफलताओं पर निराश नहीं होना चाहिए। हो सकता है कि उसके पास सांसारिक धन-दौलत न हो फिर भी वह स्वयं अपना स्वामी होता है। इस प्रकार स्वतन्त्रता, आत्म-सम्मान और सन्तुष्टि ऐसे गुण हैं जो किसी मनुष्य को प्रसन्न बनाते हैं।)

Comments : The poet has used oxymoron figure of speech in this stanza.

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A Lament Class 12 English Chapter 5 Question Answer UP Board Solutions

UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English Poetry Short Poems Chapter 5 A Lament are part of UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English. Here we have given UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English Poetry Short Poems Chapter 5 A Lament.

Board UP Board
Textbook NCERT
Class Class 12
Subject English Poetry short Poems
Chapter Chapter 5
Chapter Name A Lament
Category UP Board Solutions

UP Board Class 12th English Short Poems Chapter 5 A Lament Questions and Answers

English Class 12 UP Board Chapter 5 Question Answer

कक्षा 12 अंग्रेजी पाठ 5 के प्रश्न उत्तर

About the Poet : P. B. Shelley was born in Sussex in 1792. He studied in Eton and Oxford. He was the son of a wealthy English baronet. He passed a melancholy life. His poems are charged with high soaring imagination. In his poems we find un surpassable lyrical quality, Greek philosophy and love of nature. About the Poem: The poem, A Lament, written in 1821, shows that Shelley, though only 28 at the time, realized that he would not live long. His youth had deserted him, and he was now incapable of enjoying the pleasures offered by life and nature. The awareness of old age having come before its time leads to a cry of despair. But the music of the poem represents the triumphs of Shelley’s lyrical powers.

Central Idea                                                                                                                   [2013, 14, 15, 17, 18]
‘Lament is one of the most pathetic poems of Shelley. Every word of the poem is charged with an indescribable feeling of regret and disappointment. He imagines that he is standing on the last steps of Time. He looks on his past life with a faint heart and feels that h re days are numbered in this world. He regrets that his youthful vigour and joys of life will not return to him any more. Now his days and nights are dull and joyless. He is incapable of enjoying the beauties of nature.

(Lament नामक कविता शैली की अत्यन्त दु:ख भरी कविताओं में से एक है। कविता का प्रत्येक शब्द पश्चाताप तथा निराशा की अवर्णनीय भावना से भरपूर है। वह कल्पना करता है कि वह समय की अन्तिम सीढ़ी पर खड़ा है। वह अपने बीते हुए जीवन को एक निर्बल हृदय से देखता है और अनुभव करता है कि इस संसार में उसके आने वाले दिन गिने-चुने हैं। वह दु:खी होता है कि उसकी जवानी की स्फूर्ति और जीवन की खुशियाँ अब लौटकर उसके पास वापस नहीं आएँगी। अब उसके चौबीसों घण्टे नीरस और आनन्दरहित हैं। वह अब प्रकृति के सौन्दर्य का आनन्द प्राप्त करने के अयोग्य है।)

EXPLANATIONS (With Meanings & Hindi Translation)
(1)
O World ! O Life! O Time !
On whose last steps I climb,
Trembling at that where I had stood before,
When will return the glory of your prime ?
No more—Oh, never more ! [2012, 13, 18]

[Word-meanings : lament = शोक sorrow, 0world!0Life! OTime = पीड़ा सूचक शब्द हैं। क्योंकि इस संसार में कवि के जीवन के समय का अन्त होने वाला है; last steps = अन्तिम सीढ़ियाँ last rungs; glory = आनन्द joy; prime = जंवानी youth]

(इस संसार में कवि के जीवन के समय को अन्त होने वाला है। अतः यह तीनों शब्द कवि के हृदय की वेदना को प्रकट करते हैं। कवि इस संसार की तुलना एक सीढ़ी से कर रही है जिसके अन्तिम डण्डे पर वह चढ़ रहा है। जिस संसार में भूतकाल में उसने परेशानियों और कठिनाइयों का मुकाबला बहादुरी से किया था आज वही भय से काँप रहा है। वह स्वयं से प्रश्न करता है कि उसकी जवानी का वह आनन्द कब वापस आएगा। घोर निराशा से वह स्वयं ही उत्तर देता है कि वह आनन्द अब कभी वापस नहीं आएगा।

Reference : This stanza has been taken from the poem ‘A Lament composed by P. B. Shelley. [N.B.: The above’reference will be used for all the explanations of this poem.]

Context : This is one of the most pathetic poems written by Shelley. He had realised that he would not live long and his end of life was quite near. He compares his helplessness in the present to his bravery and courage in the past with which he had fought against the troubles and difficulties boldly.

Explanation : The first line of this opening stanza is full of pathos because the poet feels that he has come to an end of his life and time in this world. He compares his life to a ladder and imagines himself to be standing on its last rung. It appears that he had a premonition of his approaching death because he died only a year after he wrote this poem. The poet had fought the troubles and difficulties very bravely in the past but now he is trembling with fear at the thought of them. He is so much disappointed that he regrets that his youthful vigour and joys of life will not return to him any more.

(प्रथम पद्यांश की प्रथम पंक्ति करुणा एवं दुःख की भावना से भरपूर है, क्योंकि कवि अनुभव करता है कि वह इस संसार में अपने जीवन और समय के अन्तिम पड़ाव पर आ गया है। वह अपने जीवन की तुलना एक सीढ़ी से करता है और स्वयं को उसके अन्तिम डण्डे पर खड़ा हुआ मानता है। ऐसा प्रतीत होता है कि उसे अपने निकट आती हुई मृत्यु का पूर्वाभास हो गया था क्योंकि यह कविता लिखने के एक वर्ष बाद ही उसकी मृत्यु हो गई। कवि भूतकाल में मुसीबतों और परेशानियों से बहादुरी से लड़ा किन्तु अब वह उनके केवल विचार करने पर ही भय से काँप रहा है। वह इतना निराश हो गया है कि वह विलाप करता है कि उसकी युवावस्था का उत्साह और खुशियाँ अब कभी भी उसे वापस नहीं मिलेंगी।

Comments : The poem is remarkable for the way in which the poet has expressed his pathos and disappointment. Moreover, the poet has used very aptly the Apostrophe and Metaphor figures of speech.

(कविता उस ढंग के लिए अद्भुत है जिसमें कवि ने अपने दु:ख और निराशा को प्रकट किया है। इसके अतिरिक्त कवि ने सम्बोधन तथा रूपक अलंकार का उचित प्रयोग किया है।)

(2)
Out of the day and night
A joy has taken flight :
Fresh spring, and summer, and winter hoar
Move my faint heart with grief, but with delight
No more–Oh, never more! [2015, 16, 17, 18]

[Word-meanings : dayand night = सम्पूर्ण जीवन whole life; taken flight = अदृश्य हो गई है। has disappeared; hoar = पाला white frost; faint = दुर्बल weak; delight = आनन्द joy]

(मेरे जीवन की प्रत्येक घड़ी से आनन्द अदृश्य हो गया है। सुन्दर वसन्त ऋतु, गर्मी का मौसम तथा जाड़ों का सफेद पाली अर्थात् समस्त प्रकार के प्राकृतिक सौन्दर्य मेरे दुर्बल हृदय को दुःख से प्रभावित करते हैं। किन्तु ।
आनन्द से उसे वे कब भरेंगे (उसकी आत्मा भीतर से उत्तर देती है) कभी नहीं, अब और अधिक कभी नहीं।)

Context : This is one of the most pathetic poems written by Shelley. He wrote this poem before one year of his death. Every word of it is charged with an in describable feeling of regret and disappointment. He regrets that his youthful vigour and joys of life will not return to him any more.

Explanation : In this concluding stanza the poet feels that his days and nights are dull and joyless. The joys of his life have disappeared from his entire life. The beauties of nature which used to fill him with joy in the past now only add to his sorrow and disappointment. Instead of sending a thrill of delight into his heart, they only intensify his grief. He asks to himself whether he would ever get that delight or not. At once his soul answers that joy has gone forever and never to return.

(इस अन्तिम पद्यांश में कवि अनुभव करता है कि उसके दिन और रात अर्थात् सम्पूर्ण जीवन नीरस और आनन्दरहित हो गया है। उसके जीवन के आनन्द सम्पूर्ण जीवन से अदृश्य हो गए हैं। प्रकृति का सौन्दर्य जो भूतकाल में उसे आनन्द से भरा करता था अब उसके दु:ख और निराशा को केवल बढ़ाता है। उसके मन में आनन्द की सनसनाहट भेजने के स्थान पर वे केवल उसके दुःख को बढ़ाती हैं। वह अपने मन में स्वयं से पूछता है कि क्या वह उस आनन्द को पुन: प्राप्त कर पाएगा या नहीं। तुरन्त उसकी आत्मा उत्तर देती है कि वह आनन्द सदा के लिए चला गया है और पुन: कभी नहीं लौटेगा।

Comments : The awareness of old age having come before its time leads to a cry of despair. But the music of the poem represents the triumph of Shelley’s lyrical powers.

(वृद्धावस्था के ज्ञान को समय से पूर्व आगमन निराशा के विलाप की ओर ले जाता है। किन्तु कविता का संगीत शैली की गायन की शक्तियों की विजय को प्रदर्शित करता है।)

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