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UP Board Solutions for Class 11 Sahityik Hindi संस्कृत दिग्दर्शिका Chapter 8 विश्ववन्द्याः कवयः are part of UP Board Solutions for Class 11 Sahityik Hindi . Here we have given UP Board Solutions for Class 11 Sahityik Hindi संस्कृत दिग्दर्शिका Chapter 8 विश्ववन्द्याः कवयः.

Board	UP Board
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 11
Subject	Sahityik Hindi
Chapter	Chapter 8
Chapter Name	विश्ववन्द्याः कवयः
Category	UP Board Solutions

UP Board Solutions for Class 11 Sahityik Hindi संस्कृत दिग्दर्शिका Chapter 8 विश्ववन्द्याः कवयः

श्लोकों का ससन्दर्भ अनुवाद

वाल्मीकिः

(1) कवीन्दं नौमि ……………………… कोविदाः।।

[ कवीन्दु (कवि +इन्दुम्) = कविरूपी चन्द्रमा क़ो। नौमि – नमस्कार करता हूँ। चन्द्रिकामिव (चन्द्रिकाम् + इव) = चाँदनी के सदृश। चिन्वन्ति = चुनते हैं, चुगते हैं। कोविदाः = विद्वान् लोग।]

सन्दर्भ – प्रस्तुत श्लोक हमारी पाठ्य-पुस्तक ‘संस्कृत दिग्दर्शिका’ के ‘विश्ववन्द्याः कवयः’ नामक पाठ के ‘वाल्मीकिः’ शीर्षक से उधृत है। इसमें आदिकवि वाल्मीकि की वन्दना की गयी है।

[विशेष – इस पाठ के ‘वाल्मीकिः’ शीर्षक के अन्तर्गत आने वाले सभी श्लोकों के लिए यही सन्दर्भ प्रयुक्त होगा।]

अनुवाद – मैं कवियों में चन्द्रमा के सदृश वाल्मीकि को नमस्कार करता हूँ, जिनकी रामायण की कथा का विद्वान् लोग उसी प्रकार रसपान करते हैं, जैसे चकोर चाँदनी का (रसपान) करते हैं।

(2) वाल्मीकिकविसिंहस्य ………………………. पदम् ।।

[ कवितावनचारिणः = कवितारूपी वन में विचरण करने वाले (सिंह)। शृण्वन् = सुनते हुए। याति = प्राप्त होता है। परं पदम् = मोक्ष को।]

अनुवाद – कवितारूपी वन में विचरण करने वाले कवि वाल्मीकिरूपी सिंह की रामकथारूपी गर्जन (घोष) को सुनकर कौन (ऐसा व्यक्ति है, जो) मोक्ष प्राप्त नहीं करता (अर्थात् रामकथा सुनकर सभी लोग मोक्ष के अधिकारी बन जाते हैं)।

(3) कूजन्तं ………………………. वाल्मीकिकोकिलम् ।।

[कूजन्तम = कूजते (बोलते) हुए। रामरामेति (राम-राम +इति) = राम-राम यह (कूजते हुए)| आरुह्य = चढ़कर। कोकिल = पुस्कोकिल (नर कोयल, इसी का कण्ठ मधुर होता है, मादा का नहीं। मादा को
‘कोकिला’ कहते हैं।)]

अनुवाद – कवितारूपी शाखा (डाली) पर चढ़कर मधुर-मधुर अक्षरों में (मधुर ध्वनि से) ‘राम-राम’ शब्द का कूजन करते हुए वाल्मीकिरूपी कोकिल (नर कोयल) की मैं वन्दना करता हूँ।

विशेष – आशय यह है कि महर्षि वाल्मीकि-रचित ‘रामायण’ कोकिल स्वर के समान मधुर है, जिसमें ‘श्रीराम के नाम-स्मरणपूर्वक उनके सुन्दर चरित्र का गायन किया गया है (कोकिल जिस प्रकार वृक्ष की शाखा पर बैठकर पंचम स्वर में बोलता है, वैसे ही वाल्मीकि ने कवितारूपी शाखा पर बैठकर कूजन किया।)

व्यासः

(1) श्रवणाञ्जलिपुटपेयं ………………………. वन्दे।।

[ श्रवणाञ्जलिपुटपेयम् (श्रवण +अञ्जलिपुट +पेयम्) = कानरूपी अंजलिपुट (दोनों हाथों को मिलाकर बड़े दोने के आकार का रूप देना, जिससे जल आदि पीते हैं) से पीने योग्य विरचितवान् = रचा। भारताख्यममृतम् (भारत + आख्यम् + अमृतम्) – महाभारत नामक अमृता तमहमरागमकृष्णम् (तम् +अहम् +अरागम् +अकृष्णम्) =राग (आसक्ति) और कल्मष या पाप (कृष्णम्) से रहित उन (व्यास) को मैं।]

सन्दर्भ – यह श्लोक हमारी पाठ्य-पुस्तक ‘संस्कृत दिग्दर्शिका’ के ‘विश्ववन्द्याः कवयः’ नामक पाठ के ‘व्यासः’ शीर्षक से उद्धृत है। इसमें कृष्णद्वैपायन व्यास की वन्दना की गयी है।

अनुवाद – मैं उन कृष्णद्वैपायन (व्यासदेव) की वन्दना करता हूँ, जो राग (द्वेष) और पाप से रहित हैं तथा जिन्होंने कानरूपी अञ्जलि द्वारा पीये जाने योग्य महाभारत नामक अमृत की सृष्टि की है। (आशय यह है कि जिस प्रकार प्यासा आदमी अंजलि से पानी पीकर पूर्ण तृप्त हो जाता है, उसी प्रकार निष्पाप व्यास जी द्वारा रचित महाभारत भी ऐसा अमृतमय है कि उसे कानों से मन भरकर सुनने से हृदय परम तृप्ति का अनुभव करता है।)

विशेष – कवि ने ‘अकृष्णं कृष्णद्वैपायनं’ में जो कृष्ण (काला या कल्मषयुक्त) नहीं है, फिर भी कृष्ण नामधारी है, में विरोधाभास का चमत्कार प्रदर्शित किया है।

(2) नमः सर्वविदे तस्मै …………………… भारतम्।।

[सर्वविदे = सब कुछ जानने वाले (सर्वज्ञ) को। कविवेधसे = कविरूपी ब्रह्मा को (वेधस् = ब्रह्मा)। सरस्वत्या = वाणी द्वारा, सरस्वती नदी द्वारा (सरस्वती नदी का वेदों में उत्कृष्ट वर्णन है। वह अतीव पुण्यमयी मानी गयी है)। वर्षमिव (वर्षम् +इव) = भारतवर्ष के सदृश। भारतम् = महाभारत को।]

सन्दर्भ – पूर्ववत्।।

अनुवाद – मैं उन सर्वज्ञ कवि ब्रह्मा श्री व्यास जी को नमने करता हूँ, जिन्होंने अपनी वाणी से पुण्यतम ‘महाभारत’ की रचना उसी प्रकार की है, जिस प्रकार ब्रह्मा ने सरस्वती नदी द्वारा भारत को पुण्यभूमि बना दिया है। ( भाव यहें है कि ब्रह्माजी ने जिस प्रकार पुण्यतोया सरस्वती की सृष्टि द्वारा भारत देश को पुण्यभूमि बना दिया, उसी प्रकार व्यास जी ने भी अपनी वाणी के बल पर महाभारत काव्य को पुण्यमय बना दिया।)

विशेष – महर्षि वेदव्यास ने ‘महाभारत’ में धर्म के सच्चे स्वरूप का उद्घाटन किया है, जिसे पढ़कर लोग धर्माचरण करना सीखें और पुण्यसंचय द्वारा मोक्ष प्राप्त करें।

(3) नमोस्तु ते ……………………… प्रदीपः।।

[फुल्लारविन्दायतपत्रनेत्रः (फुल्ल +अरविन्द +आयत +पत्रनेत्रः) = खिले हुए कमल की चौड़ी पंखुड़ी के सदृश (विशाल) नेत्र वाले (हे व्यासदेव)! भारत= महाभारत प्रज्वालितः = जलाया। ज्ञानमयः = ज्ञान से परिपूर्ण।]

सन्दर्भ – पूर्ववत्।

अनुवाद – खिले हुए कमल की चौड़ी पंखुड़ियों के सदृश (विशाल) नेत्र वाले विराट् बुद्धि वाले हे व्यासदेव! आपको नमस्कार है, जिन आपने ‘महाभारत’ रूपी तेल से पूर्ण ज्ञानमय दीपक जलाया है। (आशय यह है कि दीपक जिस प्रकार अन्धकार को दूर करके मनुष्य को रास्ता दिखाता है, दीपक में भरा तेल ही उस दीपक द्वारा प्रकाश देता है, उसी प्रकार महाभारत में ज्ञानरूपी तेल है, जो लोगों का हमेशा मार्गदर्शन करता रहेगा। उसी प्रकार बुद्धि वाले श्री व्यासदेव ने ‘महाभारत’ के रूप में सदा तेल से भरे रहने वाले ऐसे दीपक को जलाया है, जो मनुष्यों के अज्ञानान्धकार को दूर कर उन्हें निरन्तर ज्ञानरूपी प्रकाश देता रहेगा)।

विशेष – ‘महाभारत’ एक ऐसे विशाल महासागर के समान है, जिसमें विश्व का सारा ज्ञान भर दिया गया है, इसीलिए इसके विषय में कहा गया है कि यन्नेहास्ति न तत् क्वचित्’ (जो इसमें नहीं है, वह कहीं नहीं है), अर्थात् संसार में जो कुछ भी जानने योग्य है, वह सब इसमें है। यह दावा विश्व के किसी भी अन्य ग्रन्थ के लिए नहीं किया जा सकता।

कालिदासः

(1) पुरा कवीनां ………………………… बभूव ।।

[पुरा = प्राचीनकाल में। कवीनां गणनाप्रसङ्ग – कवियों की गिनती के प्रसंग में (अर्थात् कौन कवि सर्वश्रेष्ठ है और कौन द्वितीय स्थान पर है, कौन तृतीय स्थान पर-इस प्रकार की गणना या कवियों के वरिष्ठता-क्रम को तय करने के अवसर पर)। कनिष्ठिकाधिष्ठितकालिदासः (कनिष्ठिका +अधिष्ठित +कालिदासः) = सबसे छोटी अँगुली पर कालिदास का नाम रखा गया (किसी वस्तु की गणना करते समय सबसे पहली गिनती सबसे छोटी अँगुली पर अँगूठा रखकर ही होती है कि पहला अमुक और तब दूसरे स्थान के लिए अनामिका पर अँगूठा छुआया जाता है। तीसरे के लिए मध्यमा और चौथे के लिए तर्जनी का प्रयोग किया जाता है। यह लोक-व्यवहार से सिद्ध है)। अद्यापि (अद्य + अपि) = आज तक भी। ततुल्यकवेरभावादनामिका (तत् +तुल्य कवेः +अभावात् +अनामिका) =उसके (कालिदास के) तुल्य (बराबरी के) कवि के अभाव के कारण (कनिष्ठिका से अगली अँगुली का नाम) अनामिका (अर्थात् बिना नाम वाली)। सार्थवती = सार्थक। बभूव = हुआ।]

सन्दर्भ – यह श्लोक हमारी पाठ्य-पुस्तक ‘संस्कृत दिग्दर्शिका’ के विश्ववन्द्याः कवयः’ नामक पाठ के ‘कालिदासः’ शीर्षक खण्ड से उद्धृत है। इसमें कालिदास की श्रेष्ठता का प्रतिपादन किया गया है।

अनुवाद – (कभी) प्राचीनकाल में कवियों की ( श्रेष्ठता की) गणना के अवसर पर (सबसे पहले) कनिष्ठिका पर कालिदास का नाम गिना गया। आज तक उनके जोड़ के दूसरे कवि के अभाव के कारण (कनिष्ठिका से अगली अँगुली का नाम) अनामिका (बिना नाम वाली) पड़ना सार्थक हुआ अर्थात् आज भी कालिदास के समान दूसरा कवि नहीं है।

विशेष – कनिष्ठिका से अगली अँगुली का नाम ‘अनामिका’ तो प्राचीनकाल से ही चला आ रहा है। कवि की सूझ इसमें है कि उसने कालिदास की सर्वश्रेष्ठता सिद्ध करने के लिए कवियों की गणना के प्रसंग में इस अँगुली का नाम ‘अनामिका’ पड़ने की कल्पना की। यह हेतूत्प्रेक्षा का चमत्कार है।

(2) कालिदासगिरां …………………….. मादृशाः ।।

[कालिदासगिराम = कालिदास की वाणी (या कविता) को। विदुः = जानते हैं। नान्ये (न +अन्ये) = दूसरे नहीं। मादृशाः = मुझ सदृश (अल्पज्ञ)। ]

सन्दर्भ – पूर्ववत्।

अनुवाद – कालिदास की वाणी के सारे (अर्थात् मर्म) को या तो स्वयं कालिदास जानते हैं या (भगवती) सरस्वती या चतुर्मुख (चार मुख वाले) ब्रह्मा। मुझ जैसे अन्य (अल्पज्ञ) नहीं जानते।

विशेष – कालिदास इतनी अलौकिक प्रतिभा से सम्पन्न कवि थे कि उनकी सरल-सी दिखाई पड़ने वाली कविता भी इतने गूढ़ और नित्य नवीन अर्थों की व्यंजना करती है कि उसके मर्म को (अर्थात् कवि के मन्तव्य को) स्वयं कालिदास अथवा सरस्वती या ब्रह्मा ही समझ सकते हैं। वह अन्य किसी के सामर्थ्य की बात नहीं।

(3) निर्गतासु …………………….. जायते।।

[ मधुरसान्द्रासु-मधुर (प्रिय लगने वाली) और सान्द्र (मृदु, कोमल)। मञ्जरीष्विव (मञ्जरीषु +इव)= आम्रमंजरियों के सदृश। सूक्तिषु = सुन्दर वचनों के निर्गतासु = निकलने पर, उच्चरित होने पर।
कस्य वा प्रीतिः न जायते = भला किसको आह्लाद उत्पन्न नहीं होता ? (अर्थात् सभी को होता है।)]

सन्दर्भ – पूर्ववत्।

अनुवाद – नयी निकली हुई (निर्गताः) मधुर (मकरन्द से पूरित) और सान्द्र (घनी सुगन्ध वाली) आम्रमंजरियों के सदृश कालिदास की मधुर (कर्णप्रिय) और सान्द्र (सरस) सूक्तियाँ उच्चारणमात्र से (निर्गतासु) किसे आनन्दित नहीं करतीं। जिस प्रकार सुगन्धित मंजरियाँ; मधुर मकरन्द से पूरित होकर निकलते ही सर्वत्र सुगन्धि फैला देती हैं, वैसे ही कालिदास की मधुर सूक्तियों के उच्चारणमात्र से ही जनसामान्य आनन्दित हो उठता है।

We hope the UP Board Solutions for Class 11 Sahityik Hindi संस्कृत दिग्दर्शिका Chapter 8 विश्ववन्द्याः कवयः help you. If you have any query regarding UP Board Solutions for Class 11 Sahityik Hindi संस्कृत दिग्दर्शिका Chapter 8 विश्ववन्द्याः कवयः, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English Grammar Chapter 1 Direct and Indirect Narration are part of UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English. Here we have given UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English Grammar Chapter 1 Direct and Indirect Narration.

Board	UP Board
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 12
Subject	English Grammar
Chapter Name	Direct and Indirect Narration
Category	UP Board Solutions

UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English Grammar Chapter 1 Direct and Indirect Narration

Exercise 1

1. The teacher said that as the air got heated up, it rose upwards.
2. The college notice says that admit cards will be issued to Intermediate candidates on Monday.
3. My daughter said that Mr. Tandon had rung up while I was out.
4. The lawyer told the client that he must tell him the whole truth and shouldn’t conceal anything from him.
5. My uncle said that when he was a student he used to take part in debate competitions.
6. The tourist said that that city.ought to have more buses.
7. The clerk told Pooja that he would get her leave sanctioned immediately and she needn’t worry about that.
8. The passenger said that if the train hadn’t been late, he would have missed it.
9. He said that the previous morning the fog was so dense that he couldn’t go for a walk.
10. The speaker told the audience that they were responsible citizens of the country and they should preserve the solidarity of the nation.
11.  Some saints told the people that they were coming to them to collect donations.
12.  The teachers said to the minister that they wanted to get revised pay scales and that demand was on their priority.
13. The mother tell her daughter that she is not feeling well. Hence she herself should take the breakfast from the kitchen.
14. Some students told.me that they were proud of me as I explained them every thing very clearly.
15.  The servant told his master that he had been serving him for twenty years. He added that as he was 65 years of age then he could not serve him any more.

Exercise 2

1. The boys asked when the next test match would be played.
2. The wife asked her husband why he downcast that day.
3. I asked him where had he found that old postage stamp.
4. The candidate enquired what was the last date for submitting the application.
5. The caretaker asked who had broken the flower vase.
6. The waiter asked the customer whether he would like to have tea or coffee.
7. He asked if it was time to leave for the station.
8. The teacher asked the boys if they had taken down the questions.
9. Aruna asked Vimla if she knew Najma’s address.
10. He enquired of his solicitor if he had found time to examine his documents.
11. He asked me kindly if I would have a cup of tea with him.
12. My mother asked me why did not I sleep when I did not want to study any more.
13. I asked the moneylender if he could lend me
    5000/- for two months.
14.  The old woman requested the young man politely to give her the seat.
15.  The patient requested the doctor very politely to examine him before his turn as he was feeling very restless.

Exercise 3

1. The leader requested the people to excuse him as he was really very late.
2. My guest requested me to pass him the butter as he was unable to get it.
3. The teacher forbade the students to make a noise till he came back in the class.
4. The astrologer advised his customer to go to Shani temple every Saturday and worship Shani Dev sincerely for two years.
5. The principal instructed the teachers to go to their classes at once as soon as the period started and not to leave the class before it ends.
6. The doctor advised the patient to get himself admitted to the hospital till he felt better.
7. The chemist advised the patient to wait till evening as that medicine was out of stock.
8. The chief minister advised the other ministers to go to their constituencies and listen to the problems of the people.
9. Our elders advise us to get up always early in the morning and walk in the open air for some time.
10. We requested the librarian to give us the catalogue of fiction books in English.
11. The receptionist requested the stranger to be seated and fill up that form correctly.
12. The tourist requested him to arrange an AC four seated taxi for him for four days and three nights.
13. All people advise us to respect our elders and obey our parents and teachers.

Exercise 4

1. The servant prayed his master that he might be allowed to enjoy his holiday.
2. The students proposed the games teacher that they should play a match with the students of Shadilal college.
3. The gardener suggested them to let him water the plants.
4. All the students proposed that they should finish their work as soon as possible.
5. Prem requested his mother that he might be allowed to stay in the house till father returned.
6. The magician suggested to the spectators that he might be allowed to prepare himself for the following show.
7. The students requested the invigilator that they might be allowed to go outside as they had finished their work.
8. The mother instructed her children to let her take a bath before she prepared the breakfast.
9. The nurse instructed the patient to let her give him an injection and medicines before he took lunch.
10. The trainees proposed to their coach that they should laugh as much as they could.
11. The singer requested the audience that he might be allowed to sing a song of his own choice.
12. The doctor asked the patient to let him examine his tests. He added that then he would give his prescription.
13. The manager ordered them to let their director do what he thought proper.
14. Shama requested her mother that she might be permitted to decide her life partner herself.
15. The security guard suggested the visitor to let him seek the permission of the secretary before allowing him to enter.

Exercise 5

1. The husband exclaimed with wonder that she was extremely beautiful.
2. Addressing her son the mother exclaimed with sorrow that he had grown too weak.
3. All the family members exclaimed with grief that their care taker had gone from this world forever.
4. The captain exclaimed with joy that they had won the battle.
5. The teacher exclaimed with contempt that his student had stupid.
6. Some students exclaimed with joy that they had been selected in CPMT.
7. The mother exclaimed with joy that her baby was then out of danger.
8. The sailors exclaimed with awe that the storm was too dangerous.
9. The traveller exclaimed with surprise that it was a too’stony pathway, hence it was really very troublesome to walk on it.
10. The examinees exclaimed with despair that the paper was too difficult.

Exercise 6

1. The mahatma prayed for me that God might give me courage enough to bear that loss.
2. My father wished me that I might win the race.
3. The doctor wished the patient that he might recover soon.
4. The beggar wished me that I might live long and prosper.
5. The teacher thanked the principal for sanctioning him long leave.
6. All the sons wish their grand father good morning.
7. My nephew bade me good night and hoped to see me the next morning.
8. The citizens wished that their present prime minister might live long.
9. A hermit wished me that I might progress in my spiritual practices.
10. I wished my friend that he might secure the highest marks.

Exercise 7

1. Some students bade me good morning respectfully.
2. The servant thanked his master respectfully as he had helped him in his need.
3. Calling a ivoman as his dear mother, the milkman told her that he always supplied her good milk.
4. Netaji requested his loved countrymen too give him blood and he would give them freedom.
5. Calling him cruel, a man asked the police inspector why he was beating him for no offence.
6. The principal ordered the students to go to their class rooms as soon as the bell rang.
7. My father advised me to go for walking in the morning if I wanted to maintain my health.
8. The speaker requested to stay there till his speech was over.
9. The captain ordered his soldiers not to run away from the battlefield if they wanted to get honour.
10. The servant told his mistress that he was a poor man and promised that he would serve her day and night.

Exercise 8

1. Ram requested Shyam to come and tell him something. At this Shyam asked him what he wanted him to tell him. Ram answered that there was nothing special and he only wanted to know how many children had been born in Kolkata the previous day. Shyam answered that he couldn’t say and he was sure nobody would be able to give him that informaţion.

2. Mr. Sharma asked Arun when did he come from Kolkata. Arun answered respectfully that he had come the previous night. Mr. Sharma said that he was glad. He also said that he had not stayed there long and asked if his brother also had come back. Arun answered respectfully that he hadn’t because he was not well but he thought he would come in about a week.

3. Jack asked his father if he could go and play. Father asked him if he had finished his homework. Jack replied in the negative and that he could finish it after- wards. Disagreeing his father advised him to do his work first and play afterwards.

4. Hari asked Ramesh where had he been so long and said that he was expecting him earlier. Addressing Hari as his friend Ramesh said that he was not to blame because P.S.D. training took a lot of their time and that was the parade day and that was why he could not come earlier.

5. The doctor asked the patient how long had he been suffering from fever. The patient answered that the previous day he had to go to his village in rain and since then he had been suffering from fever. The doctor advised him to take that medicine regularly after an interval of three hours and further said that he would be alright in three days. At this the patient thanked the doctor respectfully.

Exercise 9

1. The hunter proposed to his friend that they should take an aim as the lion was not far from them.
2. The ticket collector said not to hesitate because he could not go without showing his ticket.
3. The Gita says that we should do our duty and should not think of its result.
4. The rickshaw puller requested to call another rickshaw puller as his rickshaw was not in working order.
5.  The inspector asked the shopkeeper how he dared to weigh less to the people when they paid him full cost.
6. The principal said that he should find another school for himself and need not come there at all.
7. The fish again requested to put it back in the water then and catch him again when it had grow up.
8. Kaikeyi reminded her dear husband that he had promised to grant him two boons to be asked any time according to her choice.
9. Dashratha told his dear queen that he remembered his promise very well and he could never forget that.
10. The people prayed that God might grant him a long life to serve the country.

Exercise 10

1. An old man said to his sons, “Do not quarrel among yourselves.”
2. I said to the postman, “Do you have any letter for me?”
3. A saint said to me, “May God grant you a long life!”
4. The players said, “Hurrah ! We have won the match.”
5. He said to us, “Let us return home.”
6. He said, “How costly the cloth is !”
7. The leader said to the people, “I thank you for all your help. I could not win the election without your help.”
8. The teacher said to Moti, “Leave the classroom at once and do not return.”
9. The doctor said to me, “You are suffering from fever. You must be very careful in taking medicines.”
10. The principal said, “Boys, are you fully prepared for the examination?”

Exercise 11
(From U.P. Board Examination Papers). (2011)

1.
(i) The captain applauded saying that he had won the match.
(ii) The teacher asked the student if he had completed his homework.

2.
(i) The traveller asked the peasant if he could tell him the way to the nearest inn.
(ii) The peasant answered him in affirmative and asked him if he wanted the one in which he could spend the night.

3.
(i) Ashish asked how he liked his new house.
(ii) Sheela said that she had lost her watch.

4.
(i) My father advised me to be punctual.
(ii) She advised that he must respect his parents.

5.
(i) She promised her friend to be rest assured and she would pay her back very soon.
(ii) I complained that they had not treated me fairly.

6.
(i) Addressing the cadets as the future sentinels of Mother India, the Director of the Military Academy, said that the country reposed great hope in them. He further advised them to work hard in a disciplined manner and come up to the expectations of the country.
(ii) The master asked the lazy servant as to what he was doing there in the backyard of the house.

7.
(i) Manindra said that he did not know his name.
(ii) My teacher told me that he would have only a cup of tea because he was indisposed. (2012)

8.
(i) The chief ordered the soldiers not to leave the post.
(ii) He said that man is mortal.

9.
(i) Rahul bade Prashant good night and said that they would meet again the next day.
(ii) He exclaimed with grief that he had dropped his purse somewhere and it had a handsome amount of money.

10.
(i) The wolf asked the lamb why he was making the water dirty.
(ii) The wolf warned the lamb that he had become very talkative and asked him to be silent otherwise he would eat him.

11.
(i) She said that she liked her house.
(ii) I asked him if he was going.

12.
(i) He suggested not to stop till we reached our goal.
(ii) He told me the previous day that he would return my book the next day.

13.
(i) Addressing the large gathering at Ramlila Maidan as his dear noble countrymen, Jawaharlal Nehru promised them that he would ever remain serving the cause of Mother India.
(ii) Hari asked Ram if he had completed his homework. Ram answered in negative. Hari asked him its reason. Ram answered that he could not complete his homework because he could not get time to complete it. (2013)

14.
(i) The teacher became angry with the student and asked why he had disturbed the class in that way and reminded him that he had told him before that when he was speaking, he should be silent. He further ordered him to leave the room and not to return again that day.
(ii) The robber told Alexander that he was his captive, he must hear what he was pleased to say and endure what he was pleased to inflict. He further said that his soul ws unconquered.

15.
(i) The chairman proposed that they should pass on to the next item.
(ii) The refugee woman requested the shopkeeper to help her starimg children.

16.
(i) He requested to let him go to zoo the next day.
(ii) She told her parents yesterday that she did not like physics.

17.
(i) Her mother enquired my age.
(ii) Jaya asked Ramesh as to wher did he live.

18.
(i) He said that he had lost his pen.
(ii) The union leader suggested that they should show the bosses that they were united. (2014)

19.
(i) The teacher asked the student why he had come so late that day?
(ii) The mother advised her daughter not to play outside in the sun.

20.
(i) The teacher said that the sun sets in the West.
(ii) He proposed that they should stop there and rest for a while.

21.
(i) Sarla enquired of Vimala if she would call on her in the evening. Vimla replied in the affirmative.
(ii) John asked Richard whether he would go to school that day. Richard declined. At this John asked him its reason. Richard told John that he would not go because his mother was ill and he had to look after her.

22.
(i) He said that he must go.
(ii) He said that I was a student.

23.
(i) He said that that was his book.
(ii) He wished that I might have a happy journey. (2015)

24.
(i) My father asked me why I was so eager to go to the picture that day.
(ii) He exclaimed that it was a good chance.

25.
(i) My father asked my friend why he did not brought his father to them that day.
(ii) I proposed to my friend that we should go on a trip to the Punjab.

26.
(i) The teacher asked Ramesh where he was going.
(ii) He requested his father to let him attend the marriage party of his friend.
27.
(i) Rajesh said that he had bought a car the previous day.
(ii) He wished that I might succeed.

28.
(i) He said that he must go.
(ii) He told me that I am happy.

29.
(i) My teacher advised me to work hard and that I would surely succeed.
(ii) The beggar requested the passer-by to give him five rupees.

30.
(i) I often tell my friends that they are all very dear to me.
(ii) I asked him if he had not promised to come. (2016)

31.
(i) The poor girl request him to help her in her hour of need.
(ii) The boy asked his teacher respectfully if he might enter the class.

32.
(i) He said that we are all sinners.
(ii) Ram said that he had a meeting last night.

33.
(i) She will tell me that I am not sincere to her.
(ii) The devotee expressed sorrow, that his Guru was dead.

34.
(i) He said that God rules and governs all things.
(ii) He asked me why I had struck him.

35.
(i) He exclaimed with joy that it was a very good opportunity.
(ii) He wished that his father might live long.
Or
He wished a long life for his father.

36.
(i) The teacher asked me very angrily why I had come. He further asked if he had not told me, never to see (should be show) my face again.
(ii) He thanked me. (2017)

37.
(i) I will say to the judge that he is innocent.
(ii) I told him that he should consider his decision.

38.
(i) The cricket team exclaimed with joy that they had won the match.
(ii) He wished his friends good morning and asked how they were.

39.
(i) She exclaimed with sorrow that how foolish she had been.
(ii) Ravi asked him whether he did write a good hand.

40.
(i) The teacher said that the sun sets in the west:
(ii) My friend advised me not to bathe in the flooded river.

41.
(i) He called him ruffian and threatended to take him to the police station.
(ii) He wished his friend good morning and asked how he was.

42.
(i) Addressing the ladies and gentlemen, the leader said that he was thankful to all of them.
(ii) Sudha asked me whether I did not love her.

43.
(i) He said that he was misled.
(ii) His father exclaimed with joy that he had secured distinction in three subjects.

44.
(i) He proposed that they (we) should not say anything about it till they hear the facts. (2018)
(ii) The doctor advised the patient not to eat fried substances.

45.
(i) The stranger asked me where I live.
(ii) He exclaimed with sorrow that he was undone.

46.
(i) All the boys applauded us saying that our game was excellent.
(ii) The Principal asked the boy why he was still waiting there when he had already told him that he was so busy that he could not see him that day.

We hope the UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English Grammar Chapter 1 Direct and Indirect Narration help you. If you have any query regarding UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English Grammar Chapter 1 Direct and Indirect Narration, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

UP Board Solutions for Class 11 Sahityik Hindi संस्कृत दिग्दर्शिका Chapter 7 लोभ: पापस्य कारणम् are part of UP Board Solutions for Class 11 Sahityik Hindi . Here we have given UP Board Solutions for Class 11 Sahityik Hindi संस्कृत दिग्दर्शिका Chapter 7 लोभ: पापस्य कारणम्.

Board	UP Board
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 11
Subject	Sahityik Hindi
Chapter	Chapter 7
Chapter Name	लोभ: पापस्य कारणम्
Category	UP Board Solutions

UP Board Solutions for Class 11 Sahityik Hindi संस्कृत दिग्दर्शिका Chapter 7 लोभ: पापस्य कारणम्

अवतरणों का ससन्दर्भ अनुवाद

(1) एको …………………………. पश्यति।।
[ सरस्तीरे (सरः +तीरे) = सरोवर के किनारे बूतेकह रहा था। लोभाकृष्टेन (लोभ +आकृष्टेन) = लोभ से आकृष्ट (पथिक) द्वारा। पान्येनालोचितम (पान्थेन + आलोचितम्) = पथिक ने सोचा। संशयमनारुह्य (संशयम् +अनारुह्य) = सन्देह पर चढ़े बिना (सन्देह किये बिना)। पुनरारुह्य (पुनः + आरुह्य) = फिर चढ़कर।]

सन्दर्भ – यह गद्यांश हमारी पाठ्य-पुस्तक ‘संस्कृत दिग्दर्शिका’ के ‘लोभः पापस्य कारणम्’ शीर्षक पाठ से उद्धृत है।

[विशेष – इस पाठ के अन्तर्गत आने वाले समस्त अनुच्छेदों के लिए यही सन्दर्भ प्रयुक्त होगा।

अनुवाद – एक बूढ़ा बाघ स्नान करके, कुश हाथ में लेकर, तालाब के किनारे कह रहा था, “अरे, अरे पथिको! यह सोने का कंगन लो।’ तब लोभ से खिंचकर किसी राहगीर ने सोचा, ‘भाग्य से ही ऐसा सम्भव होता है (ऐसा सुअवसर हाथ आता है), किन्तु इस (जैसे) सन्देहास्पद विषय में प्रवृत्त होना ठीक नहीं (अर्थात् जहाँ संकट की आशंका हो, ऐसे कार्य से विरत होना ही अच्छा), फिर भी (कहा गया है कि)संशय (सन्देह) का आश्रय लिये बिना व्यक्ति कल्याण (हित) को प्राप्त नहीं करता, पर सन्देह का आश्रय लेने पर यदि जीवित बच जाता है तो ( भलाई) देखता है (प्राप्त करता है)।

(2) सः आह ………………… लोकप्रवादो दुर्निवारः।।
व्याघ्र उवाच ……………… दातुमिच्छामि।
स आह ………………………. विश्वासभूमिः।

[मारात्मके= हिंसक (जीवघाती) पर। यौवनदशायाम् अतीव = यौवन में बहुत अधिक बधान्मे (बधात् + में) = वध से मरे। दाराश्च (दाराः +च) = पत्नी भी। वंशहनश्चाहम (वंशहीना +च+अहम्) – और मैं वंशहीन (हो गया)| धार्मिकणाहमादिष्टः (धार्मिकण+अहम् +आदिष्टः)- किसी धर्मात्मा ने मुझे उपदेश दिया। तदुपदेशादिदानीमहं (तत् +उपदेशात् +इदानीम् + अहम्) -उस उपदेश से मैं अब। विश्वासभूमिः = विश्वासपात्र। चैतावान् (च + एतावान्) = और (मैं) इतना।]

अनुवाद – वह (पथिक) बोला–“तेरा कंगन कहाँ है ?” बाघ ने हाथ फैलाकर दिखाया। पथिक बोला, “तुझे हिंसक (जीवघाती) पर कैसे विश्वास करू ?’ बाघ बोला – “सुन रे पथिक! पहले ही युवावस्था में मैं बड़ा पापी (दुराचारी) था। अनेक गायों और मनुष्यों को मारने से मेरे पुत्र और पत्नी मर गये और मैं वंशहीन हो गया। तब किसी धर्मात्मा ने मुझे उपदेश दिया–“आप कुछ दान, धर्म आदि कीजिए।” उस उपदेश से नहाने वाला, दान देने वाला, बूढ़ा, टूटे नाखून और दाँतों वाला मैं भला विश्वास योग्य क्यों नहीं हूँ? मैं तो इतना लोभरहित हो गया हूँ कि अपने हाथ से स्वर्णकंकण (सोने का कंगन) को भी जिस किसी को (किसी को भी) देना चाहता हूँ, तो भी बाघ मनुष्य को खाता है, यह लोकनिन्दा दूर करना कठिन है” (अर्थात् लोगों के मन में बाघ के हिंसक होने की धारणा इतने गहरे तक बैठी है कि उसका निराकरण सम्भव नहीं, चाहे मैं कितना ही धर्मात्मा क्यों न हो जाऊँ)।

(3) मया च धर्मशास्त्राणि ……………………… पण्डितः।।
मरुस्थल्यां यथा ………………………….. पाण्डुनन्दन।। 

अधीतानि = पढे हैं। पाण्डुनन्दन = पाण्डव (यहाँ युधिष्ठिर)। लोष्ठवत् = मिट्टी के ढेले के सदृश।]

अनुवाद-और मैंने धर्मशास्त्र भी पढ़े हैं—हे युधिष्ठिर! मरुभूमि (रेगिस्तान) में जैसे वर्षा और जैसे भूखे को दिया भोजन सफल होता है, वैसे ही दरिद्र को दिया दान भी सफल होता है। जो व्यक्ति दूसरे की स्त्री को माता के समान, दूसरे के धन को मिट्टी के ढेले के समान तथा समस्त प्राणियों को अपने समान देखती है (समझता है), वह पण्डित (सच्चा ज्ञानी) है।

(4) त्वं चातीव ……………………… किमौषधैः ।।

[ प्रयच्छेश्वरे (प्रचच्छ+ईश्वरे) = समर्थ को दो। नीरुजस्य = निरोगी की।]

अनुवाद – और तुम बहुत दरिद्र हो, इसलिए तुम्हें यह सोने का कंगन देने को प्रयत्नशील (सचेष्ट) हूँ; क्योंकि-हे कौन्तेय (कुन्ती पुत्र)! दरिद्रों का भरण (पालन-पोषण) करो, धनवान् को धन मत दो। औषध रोगी के लिए है, जो नीरोगी (स्वस्थ) है, उसे औषध से क्या (लाभ) ? (धनवानों के पास तो धन है ही, धन की आवश्यकता उसी को है, जिसके पास धन नहीं है।)

(5) तदत्र …………………………. भक्षितः।।

[ तदत्र (तत् +अत्र) = तो यहाँ (इस)| सरसि = सरोवर में। तदवचः प्रतीतः = उसकी बात पर विश्वास करके। महापङ्के – अत्यधिक कीचड़ में। पलायितुमक्षमः – भागने में असमर्थ। अतस्त्वामहमुत्थापयामि (अतः + त्वाम् +अहम् +उत्थापयामि) = इसलिए तुम्हें मैं निकालता हूँ। शनैः शनैरुपगम्य (शनैः शनैः +उपगम्य) = धीरे-धीरे पास जाकर।]

अनुवाद – तो यहाँ (इस) सरोवर में स्नान करके सोने का कंगन लो। तब जब वह उसकी बात पर विश्वास कर लालच में (पड़कर) सरोवर में स्नान करने के लिए घुसा तो गहरी कीचड़ (दलदल) में फंसकर भागने में असमर्थ हो गया। उसे कीचड़ में पड़ा (फैसा) देख बाघ बोला, ‘ओहो, दलदल में फंस गये। तो तुम्हें निकालता हूँ यह कहकर धीरे-धीरे पास पहुँचकर बाघ ने उसे खा लिया।

We hope the UP Board Solutions for Class 11 Sahityik Hindi संस्कृत दिग्दर्शिका Chapter 7 लोभ: पापस्य कारणम् help you. If you have any query regarding UP Board Solutions for Class 11 Sahityik Hindi संस्कृत दिग्दर्शिका Chapter 7 लोभ: पापस्य कारणम्, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English Figures of Speech are part of UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English. Here we have given UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English Figures of Speech.

Board	UP Board
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 12
Subject	English
Chapter Name	The Merchant of Venice
Category	UP Board Solutions

UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English Figures of Speech

Figures of Speech या ‘अलंकार’ शब्दों का ऐसा असाधारण प्रयोग है जो भाषा में सुन्दरता को पैदा करता है और उसके प्रभाव को और अधिक बढ़ाता है। मुख्य Figures of Speech की परिभाषाएँ एवं उदाहरण नीचे दिए गए हैं

(1) SIMILE
(उपमा) [2012, 13, 14, 17, 18]

इसमें दो भिन्न-भिन्न समुदायों की दो भिन्न-भिन्न वस्तुओं में किसी समान गुण की तुलना की जाती है। इसमें like, such as, just as, as ………… as, so ………… as आदि शब्दों का प्रयोग किया जाता है।

Definition : A simile expresses comparison between two unlike objects or events. Usually the comparison is expressed by using like, such as, just as, as………… as, so …………as.

Examples : 
1. I wandered lonely as a cloud. [2012, 15, 16, 18]
2. Childhood is like a sv.iftly passing dream.
3. Rana Pratap was as brave as a lion.
4. The lake was clear as a crystal.
5. Errors like stráws, upon the surface flow.
6. I could lie down like a tired child, and weep away the life of care.
उपर्युक्त उदाहरणों से स्पष्ट होता है कि Simile को पहचानने के लिए निम्नलिखित बातों का ध्यान रखना चाहिए

1. Simile कभी भी एक ही जाति यो समुदाय के दो व्यक्ति या वस्तुओं में नहीं होती, अपितु वे दोनों वस्तुएँ भिन्न-भिन्न जाति या समुदाय की होनी चाहिए। जैसे उदाहरण 1 में 1 की उपमा cloud से दी गई है। यदि । की उपमा किसी व्यक्ति से दी जाती, तब वह Simile नहीं होती।
2. उन दोनों वस्तुओं में समान गुण की तुलना की जानी चाहिए।
3.समानता बताने के लिए so, as, like, so…….. as या as …….. as शब्दों का प्रयोग होना चाहिए।

[Note : ध्यान रखें एक ही जाति या समुदाय के दो व्यक्तियों या वस्तुओं की तुलना Simile नहीं होती।]

(2) METAPHOR
(रूपक) [2009, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17,18]

इसमें भी दो भिन्न-भिन्न समुदायों के प्राणी अथवा वस्तुओं में किसी समान गुण की तुलना तो की जाती है, किन्तु तुलना करने के लिए like, so, as ………… as या so………… as शब्दों का प्रयोग नहीं किया जाता

Definition : A Metaphor is an implied Simile.
Or
In a Metaphor, two things are compared but the words of comparison are not used. Childhood is like a swiftly passing dream. (Simile) Childhood is a swiftly passing dream (Metaphor)
उपर्युक्त उदाहरणों में स्पष्ट होता है कि Metaphor मेंso, as, like आदि शब्दों का प्रयोग करके उसे Simile में बदला जा सकता है।

Note : Metaphor का प्रयोग Noun, Adjective या Verb में से किसी भी रूप में हो सकता है।
(1) Noun के रूप में
1. The camel is the ship of the desert.
2. The fire of passion made him blind.
3. A ray of hope is very valuable in the clouds of despair.
4. My son is the star of our farmily.
5. Lala Lajpat Rai was the lion of the Punjab.

(2) Adjective के रूप में
1. It is a golden opportunity for you.
2. My principal has iron courage.
3. It is a lame excuse.
4. A terrorist has a stony heart.
5. In winter the people don’t like piercing wind.

(3) verb के रूप में
1. The waves thundered on the shore.
2. You are fond of blowing your own trumpet.

Note : ध्यान रखें यदि उपमा (Simile) वाले वाक्यों में से so, as, like जैसे शब्दों को हटा दें तब वह वाक्य रूपक (Metaphor) में बदला जा सकता है तथा so, as, like आदि शब्दों का प्रयोग करके उसे उपमा (Simile) में बदलता जा सकता है; जैसे

1. Life is like a dream. (Simile) Life is a dream. (Metaphor)
2. Rana Pratap was a lion in the fight. (Metaphor) Rana Pratap fought like a lion. (Simile)

(3) PERSONIFICATION
(मानवीकरण) [2009,10,12,13, 16, 17, 18]

जब किसी अदृश्य वस्तु या विचार को व्यक्ति के समान सजीव मान लेते हैं, तब वह मानवीकरण होता है; जैसे
Opportunity knocks at the door but once.
‘अवसर केवल एक ही बार दरवाजा खटखटाता है। इस वाक्य में अवसर अदृश्य वस्तु है और वह खटखटाने का कार्य कर रहा है जो एक जीवित प्राणी का कार्य है, अतः यह मानवीकरण अलंकार हुआ।

Definition : In Personification lifeless objects and abstract ideas are thought of as living beings.

Examples:
1. Let not Ambition mock their useful toil. [2018]
2. Experience is the best teacher. [2011]
3. Authority forgets a dying king.
4. Death lays his icy hands on kings.
5. Anxiety is sitting on her face:

(4) APOSTROPHE
(सम्बोधन) [2009, 11, 12, 15, 17]

इसमें किसी निर्जीव, अदृश्य वस्तु या विचार को या किसी मृत प्राणी को जीवित, दृश्य यो उपस्थित मानकर सम्बोधन किया जाता है तथा उस वस्तु या व्यक्ति के पश्चात् कौमा (,) या सम्बोधन का चिह्न (!) भी अवश्य होता है या उससे पूर्व O लगा होता है; जैसे
1. O Death! Where is thy sting ?
2. O Liberty! What crimes have been committed in thy name ?
3. Milton ! Thou should’st be living at this hour.

उपर्युक्त वाक्य
1 में मृत्यु को तथा वाक्य
2 में स्वतन्त्रता को सम्बोधन किया गया है जो दोनों वस्तुएँ निर्जीव एवं अदृश्य हैं तथा वाक्य
3 में Milton को सम्बोधन किया गया है जो मृत प्राणी है। अतः इन वाक्यों में Apostrophe अलंकार का प्रयोग है।

Definition : In Apostrophe, we address a dead person or some lifeless thing or an abstract idea as a living person.

Examples :
1. Frailty! Thy name is woman.
2. Roll on, thou deep and dark blue ocean ………… Roll ! [2011]
3. O Luxury! Thou ………… by heaven’s decree. (Goldsmith)
4. O Grave ! Where is thy victory.
5. O Wild West Wind, thou breath of Autumn’s being. (Shelley)

Note : Personification और Apostrophe में केवल इतना भेद है कि Personification में निर्जीव वस्तुओं तथा विचारों को जीवित मान लिया जाता है और वे जीवित के से कार्य भी करते हैं, जबकि Apostrophe में मृत व्यक्ति, वस्तुओं या विचारों को जीवित के समान सम्बोधन करते हैं। |

(5) HYPERBOLE
(अतिशयोक्ति) [2012, 14, 15]

इस अलंकार में किसी व्यक्ति या वस्तु के गुणों को आवश्यकता से अधिक बढ़ाकर या घटाकर वर्णन किया जाता है; जैसे Belinda smiled and all the world was gay. अर्थात् जब Belinda मुस्कराई तब पूरा संसार प्रसन्न हो गया। इससे स्पष्ट है कि Belinda के मुस्कराने से काफी लोग प्रसन्न हुए होंगे, किन्तु इस बात को इतना बढ़ा दिया गया कि पूरा संसार प्रसन्न हो गया।

Definition : In Hyperbole, a statement is made emphatic by overstatement.

Examples :
1. She wept oceans of tears…
2. Rivers of blood flowed in the battle.
3. They build a nation’s pillars deep and lift them to the sky. [2009]
4. Ten thousand saw I at a glance. [2013]
5. They were swifter than eagles and stronger than lions.

Note : प्रायः जब कोई व्यक्ति कवि या नाटककार, साहित्यकार अपने कथन में किसी व्यक्ति या वस्तुओं को इतना अधिक बढ़ा-चढ़ाकर या घटोकर कहे जो सम्भव न हो तब उसे Hyperbolefigure of speech कहते हैं।

(6) OXYMORON
(विरोधाभास) [2011, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]

इसमें एक ही व्यक्ति या वस्तु में दो विरोधी गुण एक साथ दिए जाते हैं; जैसे– James-I was the wisest fool. जेम्स प्रथम सबसे बुद्धिमान मूर्ख था अर्थात् जेम्स प्रथम में बुद्धिमानी तथा मूर्खता दोनों परस्पर विरोधी गुण बताए गए हैं।

Definition : In Oxymoron, we find the association of two words or phrases having opposite meanings.

Examples :
1. He is regularly irregular in the class. [2009]
2. She is feeling sweet pain.
3. The more haste, the less speed. [2015]
4. This is an open secret.
5. Our sweetest songs are those that tell of saddest thoughts.

Note : इस अलंकार में प्रायः एक ही वस्तु या व्यक्ति में दो परस्पर विरोधी गुण दर्शाए जाते हैं और उन्हें अधिकतर जोड़े में प्रयोग करते हैं; जैसे-regularly irregular, bitter sweet, pleasingpain, आदि।

(7) ONOMATOPOEIA
(ध्वनि अलंकार) [2009, 10, 12, 13, 18]

इसमें शब्द की ध्वनि से ही अर्थ स्पष्ट हो जाता है। प्रायः जानवरों, पक्षियों या कुछ प्राकृतिक वस्तुओं की ध्वनि के लिए अलग शब्दों का प्रयोग होता है जिनसे यह स्पष्ट हो जाता है कि यह ध्वनि किसकी है; जैसे
1. I hear the humming of bees. (भिनभिनाहट)
2. The snakes hiss. (फुँकार मारना) Define ‘Onomatopoeia’ and give an example thereof. [2013]

Definition : An Onomatopoeia consists in using a word similar to the sound.

Examples :
1. Urgent drum beat of destiny calls.
2. Get thee on boughs and clap thy wings.
3. I chatter, chatter as I flow. (Tennyson)
4. I heard the water lapping on the crag.
5. Cooing of doves is very pleasant.
6. A murmuring whisper through the nunnery ran.

Note : इस अलंकार को पहचानने के लिए Animals तथा Birds की आवाजों (Cries) का ज्ञान सहायक El pills 34 Animal 71 Bird on 10 id ;
1. Cattle low.
2. Elephant trumpets.
3. A peacock screams.
4. A horse neighs.
5. A sheep bleats.

EXERCISE 1

Point out the Figures of Speech in the following sentences :
1. As shines the moon in the clouded sky. She in her poor attire was seen.
2. A lie has no legs.
3. As many farewells as there be stars in heaven. [2017, 18]
4. Authority forgets a dying king.
5. All the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand. [2012, 13, 16]
6. And having nothing he hath all. [2013, 18]
7. And out of joy His heart jumped miles high. [2014, 18]
8. A lovelier flower on earth was never sown.
9. A murmuring whisper through the nunnery ran.
10. Authority forgets a dying king. [2015]
11. Anxiety is sittinig on her force. [2015, 18]
12. Belinda smiled and all the world was gay. [2015, 16, 17, 18]
13. But patience to prevent, that murmur soon replies. [2009]
14. Curses are like chickens they come home to rost.
15. Death lays his icy hands even on kings. [2015, 17, 18]
16. Errors, like straws, upon the surface flow.
17. Exult, o shores ! and ring o bells ! [2011]
18. Expanding like the petals of young flowers I watch the gentle opening of your minds.
19. From star like eyes doth seek fuel to maintain fire. [2014]
20. Frailty! They name is woman. [2012, 13, 16, 18]
21. Great lord of all things yet a prey to all. [2009]
22. He is now in the sunset of his days. [2012]
23. Her mother too, upon this occasion felt a pleasing distress.
24. He is the star of the family. or He is the pillar of administration. [2010]
25. He has a heart of stone.
26. He that loves a rosy cheek or coral lip admires.
27. Hope is the poor man’s bread. [2015, 18]
28. He is idly busy nowadays.
29. How far that little candle throws his beams! So shines a good deed in a naughty world. [2010, 14]
30. It droppeth as the gentle rain from heaven. [2017]
31. I see a lily on thy brows. [2011, 15, 17, 18]
32. I chatter, chatter, as I flow to join the brimming river. [2018]
33. I hear lake water lapping.
34. I heard the water lapping on the crag. [2014, 17, 18]
35. King James I was known as the wisest fool of Christendom. [2009]
36. Life is a tale told by an idiot. [2012, 14, 15, 16]
37. Life is as tedious as a twice told tale. [2011]
38. Lightly ! O lightly! We glide and we sing We bear her along like a pearl on a string. [2009, 15]
39. Life is but a walking shadow. [2009, 16]
40. Let not ambition mock their useful toil. [2010, 13, 18]
41. Life is bitter sweet. [2010, 11, 17]
42. Life is a dream. [2011, 12, 13, 17]
43. Love is the spice of life. [2017, 18]
44. Life is like a dream. [2018]
45. ‘Love is blind. [2009]
46. Like a huge python winding round and round.
47. Look like innocent flower. [2017]
48. Milton ! Thou should’st be livinjg at this hour. [2010, 14, 17]
49. My love is like a red rose. [2016]
50. My friend is regularly irregular. [2011]
51. Will all the perfumes of Arabia ever sweeten these hands.[2018]
52. Kalidas is the Shakespeare of India. [2018]

EXERCISE 2

Point out the Figures of Speech in the following sentences :
1. O judgement ! thou art fled to brutish beasts. [2013, 15, 18]
2. Opportunity knocks at the door but once. [2011, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18]
3. O mighty Caesar ! dost thou lie so low.
4. O world ! O life ! O’time ! On whose last steps I climb. [2017]
5. O Julius Caesar ! thou art mighty yet. [2009]
6. Our sweetest songs are those That tell of saddest thoughts. [2009]
7. O Sweet Content ! Where is thy mild abode. [2011, 17, 18]
8. O heavy lightness ! Serious vanity. [2010]
9. O cuckoo ! shall I call thee bird.
10. O my love’s like red red rose.
11. O Solitude ! Where are thy charms. [2010, 18]
12. O Grave ! Where is thy victory.
13. Or from star like eyes doth seek.
14. O Captain ! My Captain ! Our fearful trip is done. [2009]
15. Peace hath her victories no less renowned than war.
16. Pride goeth forth on horse back grand and gray, But come the back on foot and begs its way. [2009, 17]
17. Rome, thou hast seen much better days.
18. Rivers of blood flowed in the battle.
19. Revenge is a kind of wild justice. [2009, 17]
20. She wept oceans of tears. [2018]
21. She is as fresh as dew.
22. She is a fen of staguant water. [2015]
23. She hangs like a star in the dew of our song. [2009, 16]
24. So like a shattered column lay the king. [2012]
25. She floats like a laugh from the lips of a dream.
26. She is the pillar of the state. [2011]
27. She falls like a tear from the eyes of a bride.
28. She skims like a bird on the foam of a stream. [2011]
29. She is lovely like a rose. [2013, 15]
30. That sages have seen in thy face.
31. The more haste, the less speed. [2015, 17, 18]
32. The city’s voice itself is soft like solitude’s. [2009, 11, 18]
33. They build the nation’s pillars deep and lift them to the sky. [2010]
34. This sea that bares her bosom to the moon. [2013, 16]
35. This is an open secret. [2014]
36. The camel is the ship of desert. [2012, 15]
37. The snakes are hissing and bees are buzzing. [2009, 16, 18]
38. Ten thousand saw I at a glance. [2009, 12, 16, 18]
39. The soul was like a star and dwelt apart.
40. There is a dagger in thy words.
41. The ship has weathered every rack.
42. The murmuring of innumerable bees. [2012]
43. The moon veiled her face. [2012, 17]
44. Truth sits upon the lips of a dying man. [2014, 16]
45. The sea waves rose mountains high. [2010]
46. The beauty born of murmuring sound shall pass into her face. [2015, 16]
47. There is a friendly animosity between Hari and Shyam. [2015]
48. The curfew tolls the knell of parling day. [2009, 11]
49. The cloud puts forth its deluge straight. When lightening cleaves its breast. [2012]
50. Thus idly busy rolls their world away.
51. We are like swimmers on the sea of life.
52. Whose armour is his honest thought. [2017]
53. Why man, if the rivers were dry, . I am able to fill it with tears.
54. Whose conscience is his strong retreat. . [2017]
55. Who best bear his mild yoke, they serve him best.
56. We wept oceans of tears. [2017]
57. Life is a sweet poison. [2018]

Answers
EXERCISE 1

1. Simile
2. Personification
3. Hyperbole
4. Personification
5. Hyperbole
6. Oxymoron
7. Hyperbole
8. Metaphor
9. Hyperbole
10. Personification
11. Personification
12. Hyperbole
13. Personification
14. Simile
15. Personification
16. Simile
17. Apostrophe
18. Simile
19. Simile
20. Apostrophe
21. Oxymoron
22. Metaphor
23. Oxymoron
24. Metaphor
25. Metaphor
26. Metaphor
27. Metaphor
28. Oxymoron
29. Simile
30. Simile
31. Metaphor
32. Onomatopoeia
33. Onomatopoeia
34. Onomatopoeia
35. Oxymoron
36. Metaphor
37. Simile
38. Simile
39. Metaphor
40. Personification
41. Oxymoron
42. Metaphor
43. Metaphor
44. Simile
45. Personification
46. Simile
47. Simile
48. Apostrophe
49. Simile
50. Oxymoron
51. Hyperbole
52. Metaphor

EXERCISE 2

1. Apostrophe
2. Personification
3. Apostrophe
4. Apostrophe
5. Apostrophe
6. Oxymoron
7. Apostrophe
8. Apostrophe
9. Apostrophe
10. Simile
11. Apostrophe
12. Apostrophe
13. Simile
14. Apostrophe
15. Personification
16. Personification
17. Apostrophe,
18. Hyperbole
19. Metaphor
20. Hyperbole
21. Simile
22. Metaphor
23. Simile
24. Simile
25. Simile
26. Metaphor
27. Simile
28. Simile
29. Simile
30. Personification
31. Oxymoron
32. Simile
33. Hyperbole
34. Personification
35. Oxymoron
36. Metaphor
37. Onomatopoeia
38. Hyperbole
39. Simile
40. Metaphor
41. Metaphor
42. Onomatopoeia
43. Personification
44. Personification
45. Hyperbole
46. Onomatopoeia
47. Oxymoron
48. Onomatopoeia
49. Personification
50. Oxymoron
51. Metaphor
52. Metaphor
53. Hyperbole
54. Metaphor
55. Metaphor
56. Hyperbole
57. Oxymoron

We hope the UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English Figures of Speech help you. If you have any query regarding UP Board Solutions for Class 12 English Figures of Speech, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

UP Board Solutions for Class 11 Sahityik Hindi संस्कृत दिग्दर्शिका Chapter 6 चरैवेति-चरैवेति are part of UP Board Solutions for Class 11 Sahityik Hindi . Here we have given UP Board Solutions for Class 11 Sahityik Hindi संस्कृत दिग्दर्शिका Chapter 6 चरैवेति-चरैवेति.

Board	UP Board
Textbook	NCERT
Class	Class 11
Subject	Sahityik Hindi
Chapter	Chapter 6
Chapter Name	चरैवेति-चरैवेति
Category	UP Board Solutions

UP Board Solutions for Class 11 Sahityik Hindi संस्कृत दिग्दर्शिका Chapter 6 चरैवेति-चरैवेति

श्लोकों का ससन्दर्भ अनुवाद

(1) वेदमनूच्याचार्योऽन्तेवासिनमनुशास्ति …………………. न प्रमादितव्यम् ||1||

[ वेदमनूच्याचार्योऽन्तेवासिनमनुशास्ति (वेदम् + अनूच्य+आचार्याः+अन्तेवासिनम् + अनुशास्ति) =वेद का अध्ययन पूर्ण कराके वेदाचार्य दूर जाने वाले (अर्थात् प्रस्थान करने वाले विद्यार्थी) को अनुशासित करता है। चर -आचरण करो। स्वाध्यायान्मा (स्व + अध्यायात् + मा) प्रमदः = स्वाध्याय से प्रमाद मत करो। धनमाहृत्य = धन लाकर। प्रजातन्तुः = सन्तान परम्परा का। व्यवच्छेत्सी = सन्तानोत्पत्ति करना। प्रमदितव्यम् = प्रमाद करना चाहिए। कुशलात् = कुशल कार्यों में। भृत्यै =नौकरों अथवा सहयोगियों से। स्वाध्यायप्रवचनाभ्याम् = स्वाध्याय और भाषण में।]

सन्दर्भ – प्रस्तुत मन्त्र हमारी पाठ्य-पुस्तक ‘संस्कृत दिग्दर्शिका’ के चरैवेति-चरैवेति’ शीर्षक पाठ से लिया गया है। इस मन्त्र में वेद का अध्ययन पूर्ण कराने के उपरान्त वेदाचार्य अपने से दूर जाने वाले विद्यार्थियों को समापवर्तन संस्कार देता है।
[विशेष – इस पाठ के शेष सभी श्लोकों के लिए यही सन्दर्भ प्रयुक्त होगा]

अनुवाद – वेद का अध्ययन पूर्ण कराके वेदाचार्य अपने से दूर जाने वाले अर्थात् प्रस्थान करने वाले विद्यार्थी को अनुशासित करता है। सत्य बोलो। धर्म का आचरण करो। स्वाध्याय में प्रमाद मत करो। आचार्य के लिए धन लाकर अर्थात् गुरु-दक्षिणा देकर (समापवर्तन संस्कार के उपरान्त विवाह करके) सन्तान पराम्परा का पालन करो। तुम्हें सत्य बोलने में प्रमाद नहीं करना चाहिए। तुम्हें धर्म के कार्य में प्रमाद नहीं करना चाहिए। कुशल कार्यों में प्रमाद नहीं करना चाहिए। नौकरों अथवा सहयोगियों में प्रमाद नहीं करना चाहिए और तुम्हें स्वाध्याय और भाषण में प्रमाद नहीं करना चाहिए।

(2) देवपितृकार्याभ्यां न प्रमदितव्यम् ……………….. तानि त्वयोपास्यानि || 2||

[ देवपितृकार्याभ्याम् = देव (धार्मिकादि) तथा पितृ (आद्धादि कर्म) कार्यों में अतिथि = अभ्यागत। यान्यनवद्यानि कर्माणि =जितने भी अनुचित कार्य न हों। सेवितव्यानि =पालन करना चाहिए। सुचरितानि श्रेष्ठ आचरण। त्वयोपास्यानि-तुम्हारे द्वारा विश्वास किए जाने चाहिए।]

अनुवाद – देव (धार्मिकादि) तथा पितृ (श्राद्धादि) कार्यों में प्रमाद नहीं करना चाहिए। माता को देवता स्वरूप मानो। पिता को देवता स्वरूप मानो। आचार्य को देवता स्वरूप मानो। अभ्यागत को देवता स्वरूप मानो। जितने भी उचित कार्य हैं, उनका पालन करो। अन्य का नहीं। जितने भी हमारे श्रेष्ठ आचरण हैं तुम्हारे द्वारा उन पर विश्वास किया जाना चाहिए।

(3) नो इतराणि ……………………. वृत्तविचिकित्सा वा स्यात् ||3||

[ चास्मफ़ेयांसो ब्राह्मणाः =और हमारे कल्याणकारी ब्राह्मण। देयम् = (दान) देना चाहिए। श्रिया = ऐश्वर्य से। हिया = लज्जा से। संविदा = वायदे के अनुसार। कर्मविचिकित्सा = कर्म के अनुष्ठान में।
वृत्तविचिकित्सा = आचरण के अनुष्ठान में।]

अनुवाद – अन्य पर विश्वास नहीं करना चाहिए। और जो हमारे कल्याण चाहने वाले ब्राह्मण हैं तुम्हारे द्वारा उन्हें भली प्रकार दान देना चाहिए। श्रद्धाभाव से (दान) देना चाहिए। अश्रद्धाभाव से (दान) नहीं देना चाहिए। ऐश्वर्य के द्वारा देना चाहिए। लज्जा के द्वारा देना चाहिए। वायदे के अनुसार देना चाहिए। यदि कर्म के अनुष्ठान में और आचरण के अनुष्ठान में देना पड़े तो भी आपके द्वारा दान दिया जाना चाहिए।

(4) ये तव ब्राहाणाः ………………….. एवमु चैतदुपास्यम् ||4||

[ सम्मर्शिनः = विचारशील। अलुक्षा = मृदु स्वभाव। धर्मकामाः – धार्मिक प्रकृति के। वर्तेरन् – आचरण करते हो। अथाभ्याख्यातेषु =यही अर विषयों में भी। एषः आदेशः =यही आदेश है। वेदोपनिषत् = यही वेद और उपनिषत्। एवमुपासितव्यम् – इसी की उपासना करनी चाहिए। ]

अनुवाद – वहाँ (संदिग्ध विषय में) जो ब्राह्मण सम्म (विचारशील) हो, अधिकृत हो अर्थात् सावधान चित्त हो तथा विषय में विशिष्ट विद्वान् हो, उसे ही मानना चाहिए अर्थात् उसके ही विचार को प्रमाण मानना चाहिए। जहाँ ब्राह्मण सौम्य स्वभाव वाले और धार्मिक स्वभाव वाले हों, वे जैसा निर्णय दें तब तुम्हें वैसा ही मानना चाहिए। अन्य विषयों में भी जो ब्राह्मण सम्म (विचारशील) हो, अधिकृत हो अर्थात् सावधान चित्त हो तथा विषय में विशिष्ट विद्वान् हो, उसे ही मानना चाहिए अर्थात् उसके ही विचार को प्रमाण मानना चाहिए। जहाँ ब्राह्मण सौम्य स्वभाव वाले और धार्मिक स्वभाव वाले हों, वे जैसा निर्णय दें तब तुम्हें वैसा ही मानना चाहिए। यही आदेश है। यही उपदेश है। यही वेदोपनिषत् का कहना है। यही अनुशासन है। इसे उपासित करना चाहिए। इसे हृदय में धारण करना चाहिए।

We hope the UP Board Solutions for Class 11 Sahityik Hindi संस्कृत दिग्दर्शिका Chapter 6 चरैवेति-चरैवेति help you. If you have any query regarding UP Board Solutions for Class 11 Sahityik Hindi संस्कृत दिग्दर्शिका Chapter 6 चरैवेति-चरैवेति, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.